ArticleThe Journal of infection2021
Latent tuberculosis co-infection is associated with heightened levels of humoral, cytokine and acute phase responses in seropositive SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Article in The Journal of infection, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Research progress on serological indices and their clinical application in rheumatoid arthritis.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2022Pooled it
- The prevalence of tuberculosis infection in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis.The Indian journal of medical researchPooled it
- Review
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis and SARS-CoV-2 Co-Infection: An Efficient Cell Model to Study Lung Host-Pathogen Interactions.Current protocols · 2026Article
- Occurrence of drug resistance, associated risk factors, and expression of cytokine IL-33 in human TB patients.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- Review
- Latent tuberculosis coinfection in mild COVID-19 is associated with a distinct immune cell phenotype marked by enhanced cytotoxic degranulation and mitochondrial alterations.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Individuals with latent tuberculosis in a high TB endemic country show mild COVID-19.PloS one · 2025Article
- Review
- Article
- Tuberculosis and COVID-19 Dually Affect Human Th17 Cell Immune Response.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- SARS-CoV-2 infection and pulmonary tuberculosis in children and adolescents: a case-control study.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Immune interaction between SARS-CoV-2 andFrontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Initial immune response after exposure toFrontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- The role of IL-1 family of cytokines and receptors in pathogenesis of COVID-19.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2022Article
- The COVID-19 and TB syndemic: the way forward.The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease · 2022Review
- Effect of Concomitant Tuberculosis Infection on COVID-19 Disease in Children: A Matched, Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of tropical pediatrics · 2022Article
- The Dark Side of the COVID-19 Treatments onMediterranean journal of hematology and infectious diseases · 2022Review
- Immune responses in COVID-19 and tuberculosis coinfection: A scoping review.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- IL-10 Overexpression After BCG Vaccination Does Not Impair Control ofFrontiers in immunology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesLatent Tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is postulated to modulate immune responses and alter disease severity in SARS-CoV-2 co-infection. However, no data exist on the effect of LTBI on the immune responses in SARS-CoV-2 co-infected individuals.
methodsWe examined the SARS-CoV-2 specific antibody responses, plasma cytokines, chemokines, acute phase proteins and growth factor levels in LTBI positive and negative individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
resultsOur results demonstrated that individuals with LTBI (LTBI+) and seropositive for SARS-CoV-2 infection were associated with elevated SARS-CoV-2 specific IgM, IgG and IgA antibodies, as well as enhanced neutralization activity compared to those negative for LTBI (LTBI-) individuals. Our results also demonstrate that LTBI+ individuals exhibited significantly higher plasma levels of IFNγ, IL-2, TNFα, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, IL-15, IL-17, IL-3, GM-CSF, IL-10, IL-25, IL-33, CCL3 and CXCL10 compared to LTBI- individuals. Finally, our results show that LTBI+ individuals exhibit significantly higher levels of C-reactive protein, alpha-2 macroglobulin, VEGF and TGFα compared to LTBI- individuals.
conclusionsThus, our data clearly demonstrates that LTBI+ individuals seropositive for SARS-CoV-2 infection exhibit heightened levels of humoral, cytokine and acute phase responses compared to LTBI- individuals. Thus, LTBI is associated with modulation of antibody and cytokine responses as well as systemic inflammation in individuals seropositive for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.