ArticleThe journal of applied laboratory medicine2021
Immunotyping Provides Equivalent Results to Immunofixation in a Population with a High Prevalence of Monoclonal Gammopathies.
Article in The journal of applied laboratory medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multiple Myeloma Laboratory Diagnostics Made Simple: Practical Insights and Key Recommendations.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Dynamic monitoring of M-protein quantification by immunotyping using capillary zone electrophoresis during the chemotherapy of patients with multiple myeloma.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Monoclonal immunoglobulins on red blood cells: a potential supplementary diagnostic indicator for monoclonal gammopathies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Expert-level detection of M-proteins in serum protein electrophoresis using machine learning.Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSerum immunofixation (IF) is a common laboratory test used to diagnose and monitor patients with monoclonal gammopathies. Similarly, immunotyping (IT) by capillary electrophoresis can confirm the presence of a monoclonal protein (M-protein) and determine its isotype. The goal of this study was to compare the ability of IT and IF to detect M-proteins.
methodsIT and IF results for 1000 waste clinical serum samples were obtained. All results were interpreted blindly by reviewers who were experienced in each technique. Results were compared by band. Results were also compared to patient history to determine if the original clone was present. We determined the sensitivity of IT and IF alone and in combination with additional tests. Finally, we evaluated the impact of reviewer training on the sensitivity of IT.
resultsIT and IF were concordant in 721/773 (93%) samples with a history of an intact M-protein and in 143/172 (83%) samples with a history of a free light chain (FLC) M-protein. IF was significantly more sensitive than IT for the detection of FLC M-proteins (P < 0.0001). However, IF was not more sensitive than IT for detection of intact M-proteins (P = 0.1272) or when each test was combined with the FLC ratio or urine immunofixation (P = 0.2812 and P = 0.6171, respectively). Finally, after training, inexperienced reviewers improved their IT sensitivity by 19%.
conclusionIT provides equivalent results to IF for the detection of monoclonal proteins. Training and experience are critical to the accurate interpretation of IT.
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