ArticleThe Lancet regional health. Western Pacific2021
Water, women and disability: Using mixed-methods to support inclusive WASH programme design in Vanuatu.
Article in The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Disability and dignity: a qualitative systematic review of WASH-related barriers, facilitators and interventions for adults with musculoskeletal disabilities.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Worldwide prevalence of protozoans and helminths among disabled people: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Extreme weather and sanitation in Bangladesh: a mixed-methods study of lived experiences of people with disabilities.The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2026Article
- Functional Needs Assessment Tool for estimating population-level functional difficulties and the need for services and assistive products: pilot testing in Western Uganda.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2026Article
- Climate change, disability, and water, sanitation and hygiene: A scoping review of evidence and interventions in low and middle-income countries.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Feasibility study of a menstrual health behaviour change intervention for women and girls with intellectual disabilities and their caregivers for Vanuatu's humanitarian responses.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Inclusion of persons living with disabilities in a district-wide sanitation programme: A cross-sectional study in rural Malawi.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Menstrual Health Experiences of People with Intellectual Disabilities and Their Caregivers during Vanuatu's Humanitarian Responses: A Qualitative Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Access to Services from Persons with Disabilities in Afghanistan: Is Community Based Rehabilitation Making a Difference?International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Observational
- What's the bleeding problem: menstrual health and living with a disability.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2022Article
- Anxiety and depression in Guatemala: Sociodemographic characteristics and service access.PloS one · 2022Article
- The inclusion of disability and aging in COVID-19 hygiene behavior change interventions across low-and middle-income countries: A review using the COVID-19 Inclusive WASH Checklist.Frontiers in public health · 2022Review
- "The weather is not good": exploring the menstrual health experiences of menstruators with and without disabilities in Vanuatu.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2022Article
- "I'm scared to talk about it": exploring experiences of incontinence for people with and without disabilities in Vanuatu, using mixed methods.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2021Article
- Interrogating and Reflecting on Disability Prevalence Data Collected Using the Washington Group Tools: Results from Population-Based Surveys in Cameroon, Guatemala, India, Maldives, Nepal, Turkey and Vanuatu.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAdequate access to water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) is imperative for health and wellbeing, yet people with disabilities, people with incontinence and people who menstruate often experience unmet WASH requirements.
methodsIn 2019 we completed a mixed-methods study in two provinces of Vanuatu, (SANMA and TORBA). The study comprised 1) a population-based disability survey using the Washington Group Short-Set 2) a nested case-control study to explore associations between WASH, disability and gender, and 3) an in-depth qualitative assessment of the experiences of WASH users with additional requirements: people with and without disabilities who menstruate, or experience incontinence. FINDING: 11,446 households (response rate 85%) were enrolled into the survey. All-age disability prevalence across the two provinces was 2.6% (95% Confidence Interval 2.5-2.8), increasing with age. 814 people with, and 702 people without disabilities participated in the case-control study. People with disabilities were statistically more likely to experience barriers in seven of eight intra-household indicators. WASH-related stigma, reliance on informal caregivers, and under-resourcing of WASH personnel were critical issues for people who menstruate or experience incontinence.
interpretationPeople with disabilities, people with incontinence and people who menstruate in Northern Vanuatu face continued challenges in accessing safe, affordable and appropriate WASH that meets their requirements. Outputs from this study have supported progression towards gender and disability-inclusive WASH programming in the area and highlighted the value of mixed-methods research.
fundingThe research was funded by the Australian Government's Water for Women fund and donations from the Australian public.
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