ArticleThe Lancet regional health. Western Pacific2021
Descriptive analysis of group A
Article in The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- The burden of atopic dermatitis and bacterial skin infections among urban-living Indigenous children and young people in high-income countries: A systematic review.Pediatric dermatology · 2023Pooled it
- Mapping Autoantibodies in Children With Acute Rheumatic Fever.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Trial
- Group C/G Streptococcal Pharyngitis and Acute Rheumatic Fever in Auckland, New Zealand, 2010-2016.Journal of paediatrics and child health · 2026Article
- Review
- Māori and Pacific People's perspectives on Group A Streptococcus vaccine development and delivery in Aotearoa, New Zealand.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- The "Cairo Accord"- towards the eradication of RHD: revisited (2026).Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Pandemic mitigations reveal an association between superficial group A streptococcal infections and acute rheumatic fever incidence in Auckland New Zealand.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Household Molecular Epidemiology of Streptococcus pyogenes Carriage and Infection in The Gambia.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Observational
- New evidence supports a greater focus on streptococcal skin infections to prevent rheumatic fever.The Medical journal of Australia · 2025Article
- Capturing the complete clinical spectrum and incidence of severe acute Group AThe Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2025Article
- Longitudinal surveillance of group A streptococcal pharyngitis and impetigo in remote Western Australian school children informs acute rheumatic fever prevention.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- The intricate pathogenicity of Group AVirulence · 2024Review
- Research priorities for the primordial prevention of acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease by modifying the social determinants of health.BMJ global health · 2023Review
- Research opportunities for the primary prevention and management of acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease: a National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute workshop report.BMJ global health · 2023Review
- Modalities of group A streptococcal prevention and treatment and their economic justification.NPJ vaccines · 2023Article
- A pilot study to develop assessment tools for Group A Streptococcus surveillance studies.PeerJ · 2023Article
- Risk factors for group A streptococcal pharyngitis and skin infections: A case control study.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2022Article
- ARF risk factors: Beyond a sore throat.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2022Article
- Risk factors for acute rheumatic fever: A case-control study.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2022Article
- Increased Breadth of Group A Streptococcus Antibody Responses in Children With Acute Rheumatic Fever Compared to Precursor Pharyngitis and Skin Infections.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGroup A
methodsThis cross-sectional study used all laboratory skin swab data from people who had a skin swab taken as a result of a consultation with a health professional in the Auckland region (2010-2016). Initial primary hospitalisations for ARF were identified and all data were linked using unique patient identifiers to patient's age, prioritised ethnicity, sex, and socio-economic status.
findings377,410 skin swabs from 239,494 individuals were included. 12·8% of swabs were GAS positive, an annual incidence of 4·8 per 1,000 person-years. Māori and Pacific Peoples under 20 years of age had markedly higher GAS detection in skin swabs (RR 4·0; 95% CI 3·9-4·2: RR 6·8; 95% CI 6·6-7·0) and significantly higher ARF rates (RR 30·3; 95% CI 19·5-46·9: RR 69·7 95% CI 45·8-106·1) compared with European/Other ethnicities.
interpretationThe observation that GAS detection was markedly higher in Māori and Pacific Peoples provides a potential explanation for the marked ethnic differences in ARF. These findings support a greater focus on addressing the burden of skin infection in NZ, including as ARF prevention.
fundingThe first author received a training stipend from the New Zealand College of Public Health Medicine (NZCPHM) during her Masters of Public Health.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.