ArticleThe Lancet regional health. Western Pacific2020
Geographical variations in cardiovascular health in China: A nationwide population-based survey of 74,726 adults.
Article in The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed.
- Heterogeneity in the association between cardiovascular disease and cognitive decline: a pooled analysis of five prospective cohort studies from 24 countries.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Health Risk of Fine Particulate Matter Across China with a Pollutant-Specific Index from 2013 to 2023.Environmental science & technology · 2026Article
- Quantifying the association of Life's Crucial 9 with cardiovascular diseases among elderly hypertensive patients managed in primary care settings.Population health metrics · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Mortality of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome in China: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.JACC. Asia · 2025Article
- Burden of non-rheumatic valvular heart disease globally and in China from 1990 to 2021: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2021.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
- Temporal trends and disparities of population attributable fractions of modifiable risk factors for dementia in China: a time-series study of the China health and retirement longitudinal study (2011-2018).The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2024Article
- Systolic blood pressure status modifies the associations between the triglyceride-glucose index and incident cardiovascular disease: a national cohort study in China.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2024Article
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- Trend, regional variation and socioeconomic inequality in cardiovascular disease among the elderly population in China: evidence from a nationwide longitudinal study during 2011-2018.BMJ global health · 2023Article
- Development and validation of a short-form suboptimal health status questionnaire.The EPMA journal · 2023Article
- Association of cardiovascular health at old age with all-cause mortality: a prospective cohort study in China.BMC geriatrics · 2023Article
- Cardiovascular outcomes of β-blocker-calcium channel blocker initial dual therapy vs. other initial dual therapies in Chinese patients with hypertension: A real-world retrospective study.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2023Article
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- Association between sociodemographic status and cardiovascular risk factors burden in community populations: implication for reducing cardiovascular disease burden.BMC public health · 2022Article
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- Landscape of cardiometabolic risk factors in Chinese population: a narrative review.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2022Review
- Synergistic effects of gaseous pollutants on hospital admissions for cardiovascular disease in Liuzhou, China.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2022Article
- Life's simple 7 and all-cause mortality. A population-based prospective cohort study in middle-aged and older adults of Amerindian ancestry living in rural Ecuador.Preventive medicine reports · 2022Article
- A Randomized Controlled Trial on the Efficacy of Xinnaoning Capsule in the Treatment of CSAP Complicated With Qi Stagnation and Blood Stasis Syndrome.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- Decomposition and Comparative Analysis of the Prevalence of and Factors Associated With Smoking Between the Rural and Urban Elderly Population in China: A National Cross-Sectional Study.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
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Abstract
backgroundCardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in China. The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of cardiovascular health among Chinese adults and to understand the geographic pattern of cardiovascular health.
methodsIn 2015, a total of 74,726 respondents aged ≥ 20 years with no history of cardiovascular disease were randomly sampled from 298 counties/districts of 31 provinces in mainland China and were interviewed. Seven metrics, including smoking, body mass index, physical activity, diet, total cholesterol, blood pressure, and fasting glucose, were determined. Ideal cardiovascular health was defined as the simultaneous presence of all metrics at the ideal level. A score ranging from 0 to 14 was calculated as the sum of all seven metrics for each province. Scores for cardiovascular health behaviors (smoking, body mass index, physical activity and diet) and those for cardiovascular health factors (smoking, total cholesterol, blood pressure, and fasting glucose) were also calculated.
findingsThe mean age was 44.4 ± 15.9 years, and 49.3% were women. The age-sex-standardized prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health was universally poor, ranging from 0.02% [95% confidence interval (CI): 0%, 0.05%] in Tibet to 2.76% (95% CI: 0.45%, 5.07%) in Heilongjiang. Ideal diet (7.1%) was the least common factor of the seven metrics in each province and varied considerably across provinces. Other component metrics of ideal cardiovascular health were also spatially patterned. In all provinces, women had higher scores than men for cardiovascular health, health behaviors and health factors. Differences in cardiovascular health and health behavior scores between urban and rural areas were associated with levels of socio-economic development.
interpretationStrategies for addressing poor cardiovascular health require geographic targeting and localized consideration.
fundingThis research was supported by National Key R&D Program, the Shenzhen Strategic Emerging Industry Development Special Fund, and the Fund of "Sanming" Project of Medicine in Shenzhen.
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