ArticleThe Lancet regional health. Western Pacific2021
Tuberculosis in migrants to Australia: Outcomes of a national screening program.
Article in The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of Tuberculosis among migrants under national screening programs: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Global health research and policy · 2025Pooled it
- Projected detection of active pulmonary TB through the Japan pre-entry TB screening programme.IJTLD open · 2026Article
- Article
- Review
- Tuberculosis notifications in regional Victoria, Australia: Implications for public health care in a low incidence setting.PloS one · 2023Article
- The rare case of oesophago-pericardial fistula secondary to pulmonary tuberculosis.Journal of surgical case reports · 2022Article
- Importance of Tuberculosis Screening of Resident Visa Applicants in Low TB Incidence Settings: Experience from Oman.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2022Article
- Detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection in Children Migrating to Australia.Emerging infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in U.S.-Bound Immigrants and Refugees.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2022Article
- The importance of systematic data collection, monitoring and evaluation of tuberculosis screening programmes of migrants arriving in low-incidence countries.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFew low-incidence countries are on track to achieve the ambitious target of reaching TB pre-elimination by 2035. Australia is a high-income country with a low burden of TB, which is particularly concentrated in migrant populations. As part of Australia's migration program, permanent, provisional and humanitarian visa applicants are screened for TB, along with some applicants for temporary visas.
methodsWe calculated the prevalence of all forms of active TB and bacteriologically-confirmed TB among onshore and offshore applicants for visas to Australia from July 2014 to June 2017, and investigated associated risk factors using logistic regression.
findingsVisa applicants were predominantly young adults from various Asian countries. Among 2,381,217 applicants, 1263 cases of active TB were diagnosed, including 852 cases of bacteriologically-confirmed TB. Overall TB prevalence was 53.0 per 100,000, corresponding to one TB diagnosis for every 1887 applicants screened. TB rates increased with age and were higher among humanitarian applicants and those previously treated for TB, although most cases occurred in applicants without these risk factors. TB prevalence by country of origin was similar to WHO estimates for some countries, but considerably lower for others. For several highly represented countries of origin, rates appear to have fallen relative to earlier comparable studies.
interpretationPrevalence of TB among visa applicants to Australia and the consequent risk to the Australian community appear to be declining and remain low. In this context, support for TB control programs overseas and preventive interventions are likely to have the greatest impact on domestic TB burden.
fundingNo specific funding was received for this study. JMT is a recipient of an Early Career Fellowship from the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (APP1142638).
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