ArticleFrontiers in cell and developmental biology2021
Human Breast Milk Enhances Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Function and Innate Immunity in a Healthy Pediatric Human Enteroid Model.
Article in Frontiers in cell and developmental biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Protective immunity againstmSphere · 2026Article
- Thermal, Structural, and Molecular Characterization of a Model Cereal-Milk Infant Formula: Impact of Ultrasound Pre-Treatment Prior to Spray Drying.Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
- Gut microbiota in necrotizing enterocolitis: a bibliometric and visualization analysis.Pediatric research · 2026Review
- Comprehensive Analysis of miRNAs, mRNAs, and lncRNAs in Intestines of Breast- and Formula-Fed Pigs.Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition · 2026Article
- Small intestine microbiota development prevents early-life adiposity via IL-22-mediated intestinal PPARα suppression.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Intestinal organoid models as tools to interrogate the physiology of human mucosal tissues and host-microbe interactions.mSphere · 2025Review
- Early human milk feeding: Relationship to intestinal barrier maturation and postnatal growth.Pediatric research · 2025Article
- Article
- Using sodium glycodeoxycholate to develop a temporary infant-like gut barrier model,Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Secretor and non-secretor human milk oligosaccharides differentially modulate immune response in the presence of cow's milk allergen β-lactoglobulin in anFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Enteroids to Study Pediatric Intestinal Drug Transport.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Postnatal supplementation with alarmins S100a8/a9 ameliorates malnutrition-induced neonate enteropathy in mice.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Infant and adult human intestinal enteroids are morphologically and functionally distinct.mBio · 2024Article
- Human milk affects TLR4 activation and LPS-induced inflammatory cytokine expression in Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Microbiota from human infants consuming secretors or non-secretors mothers' milk impacts the gut and immune system in mice.mSystems · 2024Article
- Network analysis of the proteome and peptidome sheds light on human milk as a biological system.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Infant and Adult Human Intestinal Enteroids are Morphologically and Functionally Distinct.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Oral immunization withmSphere · 2024Article
- Human Milk Supports Robust Intestinal Organoid Growth, Differentiation, and Homeostatic Cytokine Production.Gastro hep advances · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Breastfeeding has been associated with long lasting health benefits. Nutrients and bioactive components of human breast milk promote cell growth, immune development, and shield the infant gut from insults and microbial threats. The molecular and cellular events involved in these processes are ill defined. We have established human pediatric enteroids and interrogated maternal milk's impact on epithelial cell maturation and function in comparison with commercial infant formula. Colostrum applied apically to pediatric enteroid monolayers reduced ion permeability, stimulated epithelial cell differentiation, and enhanced tight junction function by upregulating occludin. Breast milk heightened the production of antimicrobial peptide α-defensin 5 by goblet and Paneth cells, and modulated cytokine production, which abolished apical release of pro-inflammatory GM-CSF. These attributes were not found in commercial infant formula. Epithelial cells exposed to breast milk elevated apical and intracellular pIgR and enabled maternal IgA translocation. Proteomic data revealed a breast milk-induced molecular pattern associated with tissue remodeling and homeostasis. Using a novel
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.