ReviewFrontiers in neuroscience2021
A Review of Parameter Settings for Invasive and Non-invasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) Applied in Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders.
Review in Frontiers in neuroscience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07445945 (Physiological Effect of Non-invasive Photobiomodulation on Cognition and Mood in Older Adults With Subjective Cognitive Impairment), which is not on this map. Cited by 90 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Physiological Effect of Non-invasive Photobiomodulation on Cognition and Mood in Older Adults With Subjective Cognitive Impairment
Who cites it
90 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Adjuvant effects of vagus nerve stimulation on post-stroke rehabilitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2025Pooled it
- Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Movement Disorders, from Principles to a Systematic Review of Evidence.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2025Pooled it
- Two decades of vagus nerve stimulation for stroke: a bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Ameliorating Effects and Autonomic Mechanisms of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Abdominal Pain in Patients With Functional Dyspepsia and Irritable Bowel Syndrome.Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2026Trial
- Transcutaneous Auricular Neurostimulation Modulates Pain Perception in Survivors of Stroke With Chronic Upper-Extremity Pain: A Randomized, Sham-Controlled Pilot Study.Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2026Trial
- Feasibility and Safety of a Single-Session of Transcutaneous Cervical Magnetic Stimulation, taVNS, and iTBS on Heart Rate Variability, Safety, and Pain Modulation.The European journal of neuroscience · 2025Trial
- Accelerated Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Inpatient Depression and Anxiety: The iWAVE Open Label Pilot Trial.Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2025Trial
- Default mode network and visual network responsiveness to transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation predict its variable efficacy in primary insomnia disorder.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Trial
- The effect of auricular vagus nerve stimulation in women with temporomandibular joint disorders: a randomized controlled study.Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992) · 2025Trial
- Influence of a 2-week transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on memory: findings from a randomized placebo controlled trial in non-clinical adults.Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2024Trial
- Motor Activated Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation as a Potential Neuromodulation Approach for Post-Stroke Motor Rehabilitation: A Pilot Study.Neurorehabilitation and neural repair · 2023Trial
- Vagal nerve stimulation induces vascular oscillations and enhances long-term learning.iScience · 2026Article
- Awakening the Vagus: Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation-A Narrative Review.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Mechanistic Insights and Biomarker-Based Evaluation of Therapeutic Response.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- A Multiscale Spatiotemporal Causal Mapping Algorithm for Revealing Neural Network Mechanisms of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation.Human brain mapping · 2026Article
- Autonomic and neural responses to varying transcutaneous cervical electrical stimulation parameters.Bioelectronic medicine · 2026Article
- A brainstem pathway underlying vagal modulation of somatic pain and affective states.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
- Roles of the Cholinergic and Adrenergic Systems in Vagus Nerve Stimulation for the Recovery of Motor Function in Patients with Stroke: Opportunities for Novel Treatments and Rehabilitation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation attenuates neuroinflammation in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury.The journal of trauma and acute care surgery · 2026Article
- Long-term vagus nerve stimulation synergized with rapamycin elicits neuroimmune modulation to prolong skin allograft survival.iScience · 2026Article
30 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is an established form of neuromodulation with a long history of promising applications. Earliest reports of VNS in the literature date to the late 1800's in experiments conducted by Dr. James Corning. Over the past century, both invasive and non-invasive VNS have demonstrated promise in treating a variety of disorders, including epilepsy, depression, and post-stroke motor rehabilitation. As VNS continues to rapidly grow in popularity and application, the field generally lacks a consensus on optimum stimulation parameters. Stimulation parameters have a significant impact on the efficacy of neuromodulation, and here we will describe the longitudinal evolution of VNS parameters in the following categorical progression: (1) animal models, (2) epilepsy, (3) treatment resistant depression, (4) neuroplasticity and rehabilitation, and (5) transcutaneous auricular VNS (taVNS). We additionally offer a historical perspective of the various applications and summarize the range and most commonly used parameters in over 130 implanted and non-invasive VNS studies over five applications.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.