Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34325426›Full record

ArticleRespiration; international review of thoracic diseases

Pediatric Tuberculosis Disease during Years of High Refugee Arrivals: A 6-Year National Prospective Surveillance Study.

Nora Fritschi, Axel J Schmidt, Jürg Hammer, Nicole Ritz, Swiss pediatric surveillance unit

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Respiration; international review of thoracic diseases. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 28% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Challenges in the Medical and Psychosocial Care of the Paediatric Refugee-A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Pooled it
  2. Observational
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Nora FritschiDepartment of Clinical Research, Mycobacterial and Migrant Health Research Group, University Children's Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Axel J SchmidtInfectious Diseases Division, Swiss Federal Office of Public Health, Bern, Switzerland.
Jürg HammerDivision of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, University Children's Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Nicole RitzDepartment of Clinical Research, Mycobacterial and Migrant Health Research Group, University Children's Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Swiss pediatric surveillance unit
University of Basel · CHFederal Office of Public Health · CHRoyal Children's Hospital · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn Europe, surveillance and monitoring of pediatric tuberculosis (TB) remains important, particularly in the light of migration in recent years. The aim of the study was to evaluate incidence rates of childhood TB and detailed diagnostic pathways and treatment.

methodsData were collected through the Swiss Pediatric Surveillance Unit (SPSU) from December 2013 to November 2019. Monthly -notifications are obtained from the 33 pediatric hospitals in the SPSU, and a detailed questionnaire was sent out upon notification. Inclusion criteria were children and adolescents aged up to 15 years with culture- or molecular-confirmed TB disease or for whom a treatment with ≥3 antimycobacterial drugs had been initiated. Data were compared with age-matched notification data from the Swiss Federal Office of Public Health (FOPH).

resultsOf the 172 cases notified to SPSU, a detailed questionnaire was returned for 161 (93%) children, of which 139 met the inclusion criteria. Reasons for exclusion were age >15 years, double reporting, and not fulfilling the criteria for TB disease. During the same time period, 172 pediatric TB cases were reported to the FOPH, resulting in an incidence of 2.1 per 100,000, ranging from 1.4 to 2.8 per year, without a clear trend over time. In the 64 (46.0%) foreign-born children, incidence rates were higher and peaked in 2016, with 13.7 per 100,000 (p = 0.018). The median interval between arrival in Switzerland and TB diagnosis was 5 (IQR 1-21) months, and 80% were diagnosed within 24 months of arrival. In 58% of the cases, TB disease was confirmed by culture or molecular assays. Age >10 years, presence of fever, or weight loss were independent factors associated with confirmed TB.

conclusionThe annual pediatric TB incidence rate only varied among foreign-born children and was highest in 2016 when refugee influx peaked in Europe. Importantly, most foreign-born children with TB were diagnosed within 2 years after arrival in Switzerland. Thus, the early period after arrival in Switzerland is associated with a higher risk of TB disease in children, and this should be considered for screening guidance in refugees.

Indexed as

RefugeesTuberculosisAdolescentAgedChildHumansIncidenceMass ScreeningProspective StudiesActive tuberculosisAsylumSurveillance studyTuberculosis

Identifiers

PMID34325426
PMCPMC8686709
OpenAlexW3185016504

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.