ArticleThe Science of the total environment2021
Patterns of pharmaceuticals use during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in Athens, Greece as revealed by wastewater-based epidemiology.
Article in The Science of the total environment, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 125 citations in OpenAlex.
- Estimation of Beta-Blocker Consumption in the Urban Population Using the Wastewater-Based Epidemiology Approach.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Targeted LC-MS/MS method for quantifying respiratory pharmaceuticals in wastewater.Environmental science : water research & technology · 2026Article
- Review
- A Surveillance of Paracetamol and Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Consumption in Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Using Wastewater-Based Epidemiology.Metabolites · 2025Article
- Tracing antibiotics in sewers: Concentrations, measurement techniques, and mathematical approaches.Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research · 2025Review
- Antidiabetic Medicines Utilisation During Pre-Pandemic, Pandemic and Post-Pandemic Period of COVID-19-Data for Bulgarian Population.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Insights into respiratory illness at the population level through parallel analysis of pharmaceutical and viral markers in wastewater.Nature water · 2025Article
- Impact of easing COVID-19 restrictions on antibiotic usage in Eastern China using wastewater-based epidemiology.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Demographic and Geographic Characteristics Associated with the Type of Prescription and Drug Expenditure: Real World Evidence for Greece During 2015-2021.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Application of Fabric Phase Sorptive Extraction as a Green Method for the Analysis of 10 Anti-Diabetic Drugs in Environmental Water Samples.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- COVID-19 pandemic-related drugs and microplastics from mask fibers jointly affect soil functions and processes.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2024Article
- Target and Nontarget Screening to Support Capacity Scaling for Substance Use Assessment through a Statewide Wastewater Surveillance Network in New York.Environmental science & technology · 2024Article
- Is the reliability of wastewater-based epidemiology affected by season? Comparative analysis with pharmaceuticals prescriptions.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2024Article
- Pharmaceutical and Recreational Drug Usage Patterns during and Post COVID-19 Determined by Wastewater-Based Epidemiology.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Improvement of ferrioxalate assisted Fenton and photo-Fenton processes for paracetamol degradation by hydrogen peroxide dosage.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2024Article
- Global trends in the research and development of medical/pharmaceutical wastewater treatment over the half-century.Chemosphere · 2023Review
- The occurrence of emerging compounds in real urban wastewater before and after the COVID-19 pandemic in Cali, Colombia.Current opinion in environmental science & health · 2023Review
- Microplastics and other emerging contaminants in the environment after COVID-19 pandemic: The need of global reconnaissance studies.Current opinion in environmental science & health · 2023Review
- Comprehensive micropollutant characterization of wastewater during Covid-19 crisis in 2020: Suspect screening and environmental risk prioritization strategy.The Science of the total environment · 2023Article
- Exploring the correlations betweenJournal of hazardous materials advances · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Since 2019, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), impaired public health with considerable morbidity and mortality due to the lack of vaccines and effective treatment. The severe disease mainly harmed adults with predisposing medical comorbidities (such as heart disease, hypertension, chronic lung disease), while it can occur in healthy individuals that may be asymptomatic. Wastewater-based Epidemiology (WBE), a non-invasive, objective, chemical tool was used to monitor and estimate the changes in drug's consumption and prescription patterns under normal conditions (2019) and under COVID-19 pandemic conditions (2020). NSAIDs, antihypertensives, diuretics, antiepileptics, antilipidemics, antibiotics, analgesics, antivirals, anticancer drugs, contrast iodinated drugs, antidiabetics, antiallergic drugs, antiulcers and other pharmaceuticals were studied in wastewater and revealed the application of various treatments during the first wave of the pandemic in Athens, Greece. Data were correlated with COVID-19 infection therapeutical plans. The result of the analysis revealed a remarkable increase for antiviral drugs (170%), hydroxychloroquine (387%), and antibiotics (57%), which were the most applied treatments against COVID-19 during the first wave in Greece. In agreement with related authorities urge, NSAIDs presented decrease (27%) during the first lockdown, while paracetamol demonstrated a remarkable increase (198%). The use levels for Angiotensin II receptor blockers such as valsartan, and co-administrated diuretics, such as hydrochlorothiazide, were reduced during 2020, by 32% and 26% respectively.
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