Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34321471›Full record

SynthesisNature communications2021

An umbrella review of the evidence associating diet and cancer risk at 11 anatomical sites.

Nikos Papadimitriou, Georgios Markozannes, Afroditi Kanellopoulou, Elena Critselis, Sumayah Alhardan, Vaia Karafousia, John C Kasimis, Chrysavgi Katsaraki, Areti Papadopoulou, Maria Zografou and 9 more

Open access · goldAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 136 papers, 33 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
136citing papers in PubMed, 33 pooled it
36.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

136 citing papers in PubMed, 33 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 241 citations in OpenAlex.

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  11. Antibiotics in periodontal treatment: an umbrella review.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025
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76 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors at 7 institutions in 4 countries.

Nikos PapadimitriouDepartment of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece.
Georgios MarkozannesDepartment of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8481-579X
Afroditi KanellopoulouDepartment of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece.
Elena CritselisProteomics Facility, Center for Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Sumayah AlhardanDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Vaia KarafousiaDepartment of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece.
John C KasimisDepartment of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece.
Chrysavgi KatsarakiProteomics Facility, Center for Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Areti PapadopoulouDepartment of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3158-7951
Maria ZografouDepartment of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece.
David S LopezDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Population Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
Doris S M ChanDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Maria KyrgiouDepartment of Gut, Metabolism and Reproduction and Department of Surgery and Cancer, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-0735
Evangelia NtzaniDepartment of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece.
Amanda J CrossDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Michael T MarroneDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Elizabeth A PlatzDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-8954
Marc J GunterSection of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
Konstantinos K TsilidisDepartment of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece. ktsilidi@uoi.gr.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8452-8472
University of Ioannina · GRImperial College London · GBBiomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens · GRJohns Hopkins University · USCentre international de recherche sur le cancer · FRImperial College Healthcare NHS Trust · GBThe University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston · US

Funding

Translational Research Central ServicesP30CA006973 · NCI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI WILLIAM George NELSON · 1985 to 2026
$208.6M
INSTITUTIONAL RESEARCH CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY FELLOWSHIPT32CA009314 · NCI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI Corinne E. Joshu, Meghan Bridgid Moran · 1985 to 2026
$11.2M
Cancer Research UK 25004NCI NIH HHS P30 CA006973NCI NIH HHS T32 CA009314World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

There is evidence that diet and nutrition are modifiable risk factors for several cancers, but associations may be flawed due to inherent biases. Nutritional epidemiology studies have largely relied on a single assessment of diet using food frequency questionnaires. We conduct an umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies to evaluate the strength and validity of the evidence for the association between food/nutrient intake and risk of developing or dying from 11 primary cancers. It is estimated that only few single food/nutrient and cancer associations are supported by strong or highly suggestive meta-analytic evidence, and future similar research is unlikely to change this evidence. Alcohol consumption is positively associated with risk of postmenopausal breast, colorectal, esophageal, head & neck and liver cancer. Consumption of dairy products, milk, calcium and wholegrains are inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk. Coffee consumption is inversely associated with risk of liver cancer and skin basal cell carcinoma.

Indexed as

DietNeoplasmsAlcohol DrinkingAnimalsBasal Cell CarcinomaCalciumCoffeeDairy ProductsLiver NeoplasmsMilkRisk FactorsCalciumCoffee

Identifiers

PMID34321471
PMCPMC8319326
OpenAlexW3185891948

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.