Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34319129›Full record

ArticlemSphere2021

Assay Harmonization and Use of Biological Standards To Improve the Reproducibility of the Hemagglutination Inhibition Assay: a FLUCOP Collaborative Study.

Joanna Waldock, Lingyi Zheng, Edmond J Remarque, Alexandre Civet, Branda Hu, Sarah Lartey Jalloh, Rebecca Jane Cox, Sammy Ho, Katja Hoschler, Thierry Ollinger and 3 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in mSphere, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Extending ImmunoSpotVaccines · 2026
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. First Among Equals: The Case for High-quality Clinical Data in Influenza Vaccines.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Joanna WaldockNational Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Potters Bar, United Kingdom.
Lingyi ZhengSanofi Pasteur, Swiftwater, Pennsylvania, USA.
Edmond J RemarqueBiomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, The Netherlands.
Alexandre CivetQuinten, Paris, France.
Branda HuSanofi Pasteur, Swiftwater, Pennsylvania, USA.
Sarah Lartey JallohInfluenza Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Rebecca Jane CoxInfluenza Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Sammy HoPublic Health Englandgrid.271308.f, Colindale, United Kingdom.
Katja HoschlerPublic Health Englandgrid.271308.f, Colindale, United Kingdom.
Thierry OllingerGSK, Wavre, Belgium.
Claudia Maria TrombettaUniversity of Siena, Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Siena, Italy.
Othmar G EngelhardtNational Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Potters Bar, United Kingdom.
Catherine CailletSanofi Pasteur, Swiftwater, Pennsylvania, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assay is an established technique for assessing influenza immunity, through measurement of antihemagglutinin antibodies. Improved reproducibility of this assay is required to provide meaningful data across different testing laboratories. This study assessed the impact of harmonizing the HAI assay protocol/reagents and using standards on interlaboratory variability. Human pre- and postvaccination sera from individuals (

Indexed as

Antibodies, ViralConsensusErythrocytesHemagglutination Inhibition TestsHumansInfluenza A virusInfluenza A Virus, H1N1 SubtypeInfluenza A Virus, H3N2 SubtypeInfluenza, HumanInfluenza VaccinesIntersectoral CollaborationReassortant VirusesReference StandardsReproducibility of ResultsTurkeyAntibodies, ViralInfluenza Vaccineshemagglutination inhibition assayinfluenzaserologystandardization

Identifiers

PMID34319129
PMCPMC8530177

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.