Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34318445›Full record

SynthesisApplied health economics and health policy2021

Incidence of Catastrophic Health Expenditure and Its Determinants in Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Leila Doshmangir, Edris Hasanpoor, Gerard Joseph Abou Jaoude, Behzad Eshtiagh, Hassan Haghparast-Bidgoli

Erratum issuedAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Applied health economics and health policy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 33 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
6.4field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.

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  8. The financial burden of cancer: A longitudinal analysis of out-of-pocket healthcare costs in Australia (2009-2021).Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Leila DoshmangirDepartment of Health Policy & Management, Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, School of Management & Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Edris HasanpoorResearch Center for Evidence-Based Health Management, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran. edihasanpoor@gmail.com.
Gerard Joseph Abou JaoudeInstitute for Global Health, Center for Global Health Economics, University College London, London, UK.
Behzad EshtiaghInstitute for Global Health, Center for Global Health Economics, University College London, London, UK.
Hassan Haghparast-BidgoliDepartment of Health Policy & Management, Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, School of Management & Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
George Institute for Global Health · GBTabriz University of Medical Sciences · IRUniversity of Maragheh · IR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCancer is the third leading cause of mortality in the world, and cancer patients are more exposed to financial hardship than other diseases. This paper aimed to review studies of catastrophic healthcare expenditure (CHE) in cancer patients, measure their level of exposure to CHE, and identify factors associated with incidence of CHE.

methodsThis study is a systematic review and meta-analysis. Several databases were searched until February 2020, including MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, ScienceDirect and EMBASE. The results of selected studies were extracted and analyzed using a random effects model. In addition, determinants of CHE were identified.

resultsAmong the 19 studies included, an average of 43.3% (95% CI 36.7-50.1) of cancer patients incurred CHE. CHE varied substantially depending on the Human Development Index (HDI) of the country in which a study was conducted. In countries with the highest HDI, 23.4% of cancer patients incurred CHE compared with 67.9% in countries with the lowest HDI. Key factors associated with incidence of CHE at the household level included household income, gender of the household head, and at the patient level included the type of health insurance, education level of the patient, type of cancer and treatment, quality of life, age and sex.

conclusionThe proportion of cancer patients that incur CHE is very high, especially in countries with lower HDI. The results from this review can help inform policy makers to develop fairer and more sustainable health financing mechanisms, addressing the factors associated with CHE in cancer patients.

Indexed as

Health ExpendituresNeoplasmsCatastrophic IllnessHumansIncidenceQuality of Life

Identifiers

PMID34318445
OpenAlexW3185666404

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.