Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34318391›Full record

ArticleBreast cancer research and treatment2021

Clinical outcomes and prognostic biomarkers among pregnant, post-partum and nulliparous women with breast cancer: a prospective cohort study.

Katarzyna J Jerzak, Nechama Lipton, Sharon Nofech-Mozes, Dina Boles, Elzbieta Slodkowska, Gregory R Pond, Ellen Warner

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Breast cancer research and treatment, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 27% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Katarzyna J JerzakDivision of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON, M4N 3N5, Canada.
Nechama LiptonDepartment of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Sharon Nofech-MozesDepartment of Anatomic Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Dina BolesDepartment of Anatomic Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Elzbieta SlodkowskaDepartment of Anatomic Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Gregory R PondDepartment of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
Ellen WarnerDivision of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON, M4N 3N5, Canada. ellen.warner@sunnybrook.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7956-6845
University of Toronto · CASunnybrook Health Science Centre · CAMcMaster University · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo compare clinical-pathologic characteristics and outcomes of pregnancy-associated, post-partum (PP) and nulliparous (NP) breast cancer (BC) patients and explore mediators of the poor prognosis associated with post-partum BC.

methodsA prospective database of 233 women ≤ 40 years of age diagnosed with BC between February 2008 and January 2015 was analysed. Clinical-pathologic characteristics and outcomes among pregnant, PP and NP patients were compared using chi-square or Kruskal-Wallis tests. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate disease-free survival (DFS), distant DFS and overall survival (OS). Survival curves were compared using the log-rank test. Univariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate factors that were potentially prognostic for the clinical outcomes of interest; a multivariable Cox model was constructed using a forward stepwise selection process. Androgen receptor (AR), GATA3, PDL1 status and the presence/absence of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) were assessed when possible. Pre-treatment neutrophil and lymphocyte counts were abstracted retrospectively. Statistical significance was defined as a p value ≤ 0.05.

resultsWomen ≤ 2 years PP had a numerically higher incidence of lymph node-positive and high-grade disease and were significantly more likely to have estrogen receptor-negative BC compared to NP controls. With a median follow-up of 7.2 years, increasingly poor outcomes were observed among NP (longest OS), > 2 years PP, ≤ 2 years PP and pregnant (shortest OS) patients, but these differences were not statistically significant. The ≤ 2 years PP group had significantly lower AR expression, a strong trend toward higher PDL1 expression and a higher expression of stromal TILs compared to NP women.

conclusionsPPBC patients had numerically lower DFS and OS compared to NP controls. Higher PDL1 and stromal TILs in PPBC suggest that adjuvant immunotherapy may be effective in the post-partum BC subgroup.

Indexed as

Breast NeoplasmsBiomarkersBiomarkers, TumorDisease-Free SurvivalFemaleHumansKaplan-Meier EstimateLymphocytes, Tumor-InfiltratingPostpartum PeriodPregnancyPrognosisProspective StudiesRetrospective StudiesBiomarkersBiomarkers, TumorBiomarkersBreast cancerPost-partumPregnancy

Identifiers

PMID34318391
OpenAlexW3184056556

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.