ArticleNature communications2021
Retinoblastoma from human stem cell-derived retinal organoids.
Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 101 citations in OpenAlex.
- Retinal Organoids from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells of Patients with Inherited Retinal Diseases: A Systematic Review.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2025Pooled it
- The Single-Cell Pediatric Cancer Atlas: Data portal and open-source tools for single-cell transcriptomics of pediatric tumors.Cell genomics · 2026Article
- Translating Pharmacology from Animal Models to Organoids: Advancing Predictive Human Biology in Drug Discovery.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026Review
- IL-18 suppresses retinoblastoma growth while concomitantly inducing an inflammation-/stress-associated and immune-remodeling response.Cancer cell international · 2026Article
- Management of Retinoblastoma: A Challenge in Pediatric Ophthalmology.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Harnessing Tumor Organoids to Revolutionize Immunotherapy Research.Cancer medicine · 2026Review
- Retinoblastoma: unveiling molecular pathogenesis and pioneering organoid-driven therapeutic innovations.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Review
- NAT10 promotes the glycolysis of retinoblastoma through ac4C modification of PFKFB3 mRNA.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Longitudinal analysis of retinal cell state transitions in RB1-deficient retinal organoids reveals the nascent cone precursors are the earliest cell-origin of human retinoblastoma.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- The role of SALL1-MGST1 axis-mediated ferroptosis inhibition in chemoresistance of retinoblastoma.PloS one · 2026Article
- Immune Cell-Mediated Retinoblastoma Development: Genetic and Molecular Mechanisms.International journal of genomics · 2026Article
- Restoring Sight: The Journey of AIPL1 from Discovery to Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- USH2A-Mutated Human Retinal Organoids Model Rod-Cone Dystrophy.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Progress of iPSC-derived retinal organoids in the study of inherited retinal diseases.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2025Review
- Bioelectronic Interfaces and Sensors for Neural Organoids.Microsystems & nanoengineering · 2025Review
- Human Retinal Organoid Modeling Defines Developmental Window and Therapeutic Vulnerabilities in MYCN-Amplified Retinoblastoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Establishment and rescue of fibroblast cell lines carrying a nonsense mutation of RB1 by CRISPR-based base editing.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Thyroid hormone signaling in ocular development and diseases.Biological research · 2025Review
- Insights into retinoblastoma pathogenesis: unraveling RB1, N-MYC and miRNA profiles.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Latent epigenetic programs in Müller glia contribute to stress and disease response in the retina.Developmental cell · 2025Article
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
19 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Retinoblastoma is a childhood cancer of the developing retina that initiates with biallelic inactivation of the RB1 gene. Children with germline mutations in RB1 have a high likelihood of developing retinoblastoma and other malignancies later in life. Genetically engineered mouse models of retinoblastoma share some similarities with human retinoblastoma but there are differences in their cellular differentiation. To develop a laboratory model of human retinoblastoma formation, we make induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from 15 participants with germline RB1 mutations. Each of the stem cell lines is validated, characterized and then differentiated into retina using a 3-dimensional organoid culture system. After 45 days in culture, the retinal organoids are dissociated and injected into the vitreous of eyes of immunocompromised mice to support retinoblastoma tumor growth. Retinoblastomas formed from retinal organoids made from patient-derived iPSCs have molecular, cellular and genomic features indistinguishable from human retinoblastomas. This model of human cancer based on patient-derived iPSCs with germline cancer predisposing mutations provides valuable insights into the cellular origins of this debilitating childhood disease as well as the mechanism of tumorigenesis following RB1 gene inactivation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.