Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34314953›Full record

ArticleMedical image analysis2021

Visually Navigated Bronchoscopy using three cycle-Consistent generative adversarial network for depth estimation.

Artur Banach, Franklin King, Fumitaro Masaki, Hisashi Tsukada, Nobuhiko Hata

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Medical image analysis, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  5. Review
  6. Gia-Net: geometry-informed attention network for 3D point cloud registration in liver surgery.International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery · 2026
    Article
  7. Monocular absolute depth estimation from endoscopy via domain-invariant feature learning and latent consistency.Proceedings of SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engineering · 2026
    Article
  8. Article
  9. BronchoGAN: anatomically consistent and domain-agnostic image-to-image translation for video bronchoscopy.International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. A bronchoscopic navigation method based on neural radiation fields.International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery · 2024
    Article
  13. Article
  14. AI co-pilot bronchoscope robot.Nature communications · 2024
    Article
  15. A cGAN-based network for depth estimation from bronchoscopic images.International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery · 2024
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Landmark Based Bronchoscope Localization for Needle Insertion Under Respiratory Deformation.Proceedings of the ... IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems. IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems · 2023
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Artificial Intelligence in Interventional Pulmonology.Therapeutic advances in pulmonary and critical care medicine
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Artur BanachNational Center for Image-guided Therapy, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; QUT Centre for Robotics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia. Electronic address: artur.banach@qut.edu.au.
Franklin KingNational Center for Image-guided Therapy, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
Fumitaro MasakiNational Center for Image-guided Therapy, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Healthcare Optics Research Laboratory, Canon U.S.A., Cambridge, MA, United States.
Hisashi TsukadaDivision of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
Nobuhiko HataNational Center for Image-guided Therapy, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.

Funding

Image Guided Therapy Center - Ultrasound-based sensor system for the monitoring of COVID-19 patientsP41EB015898 · NIBIB · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI TEMPANY, CLARE M · 2012 to 2021
$18.9M
TRD 3 - Enabling Technologies for Intraprocedural GuidanceP41EB028741 · NIBIB · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI Oliver Jonas · 2021 to 2026
$10.7M
NIBIB NIH HHS P41 EB015898NIBIB NIH HHS P41 EB028741
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

[Background] Electromagnetically Navigated Bronchoscopy (ENB) is currently the state-of-the art diagnostic and interventional bronchoscopy. CT-to-body divergence is a critical hurdle in ENB, causing navigation error and ultimately limiting the clinical efficacy of diagnosis and treatment. In this study, Visually Navigated Bronchoscopy (VNB) is proposed to address the aforementioned issue of CT-to-body divergence. [Materials and Methods] We extended and validated an unsupervised learning method to generate a depth map directly from bronchoscopic images using a Three Cycle-Consistent Generative Adversarial Network (3cGAN) and registering the depth map to preprocedural CTs. We tested the working hypothesis that the proposed VNB can be integrated to the navigated bronchoscopic system based on 3D Slicer, and accurately register bronchoscopic images to pre-procedural CTs to navigate transbronchial biopsies. The quantitative metrics to asses the hypothesis we set was Absolute Tracking Error (ATE) of the tracking and the Target Registration Error (TRE) of the total navigation system. We validated our method on phantoms produced from the pre-procedural CTs of five patients who underwent ENB and on two ex-vivo pig lung specimens. [Results] The ATE using 3cGAN was 6.2 +/- 2.9 [mm]. The ATE of 3cGAN was statistically significantly lower than that of cGAN, particularly in the trachea and lobar bronchus (p < 0.001). The TRE of the proposed method had a range of 11.7 to 40.5 [mm]. The TRE computed by 3cGAN was statistically significantly smaller than those computed by cGAN in two of the five cases enrolled (p < 0.05). [Conclusion] VNB, using 3cGAN to generate the depth maps was technically and clinically feasible. While the accuracy of tracking by cGAN was acceptable, the TRE warrants further investigation and improvement.

Indexed as

BronchoscopyLung NeoplasmsAnimalsBronchiHumansLungPhantoms, ImagingSwineBronchoscopyCT ImagingImage-guided surgeryLung cancer

Identifiers

PMID34314953
PMCPMC8453111

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.