ArticleCarcinogenesis2021
Blood biomarkers reflect the effects of obesity and inflammation on the human breast transcriptome.
Article in Carcinogenesis, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Large adipocytes increase vesicle-mediated lipid release and promote breast cancer malignancy.Cell reports · 2026Article
- Evexomostat (SDX-7320), a methionine aminopeptidase type 2 inhibitor, stimulates weight loss and inhibits obesity-accelerated tumor growth.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Large adipocytes alter mode of lipid release and promote breast cancer malignancy.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Age-related and postmenopausal breast cancer progression and treatment management: The significance of pro-inflammatory cytokines and CXC chemokines.Genes & diseases · 2025Review
- Remnant cholesterol inflammatory index and its association with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in middle-aged and elderly populations: evidence from US and Chinese national population surveys.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
- Obesity and Its Comorbidities: Current Treatment Options, Emerging Biological Mechanisms, Future Perspectives and Challenges.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2025Review
- Adipokines and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancer.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2023Review
- Translating energy balance research from the bench to the clinic to the community: Parallel animal-human studies in cancer.CA: a cancer journal for cliniciansReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for the development of post-menopausal breast cancer. Breast white adipose tissue (WAT) inflammation, which is commonly found in women with excess body fat, is also associated with increased breast cancer risk. Both local and systemic effects are probably important for explaining the link between excess body fat, adipose inflammation and breast cancer. The first goal of this cross-sectional study of 196 women was to carry out transcriptome profiling to define the molecular changes that occur in the breast related to excess body fat and WAT inflammation. A second objective was to determine if commonly measured blood biomarkers of risk and prognosis reflect molecular changes in the breast. Breast WAT inflammation was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Bulk RNA-sequencing was carried out to assess gene expression in non-tumorous breast. Obesity and WAT inflammation were associated with a large number of differentially expressed genes and changes in multiple pathways linked to the development and progression of breast cancer. Altered pathways included inflammatory response, complement, KRAS signaling, tumor necrosis factor α signaling via NFkB, interleukin (IL)6-JAK-STAT3 signaling, epithelial mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, interferon γ response and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling. Increased expression of several drug targets such as aromatase, TGF-β1, IDO-1 and PD-1 were observed. Levels of various blood biomarkers including high sensitivity C-reactive protein, IL6, leptin, adiponectin, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and insulin were altered and correlated with molecular changes in the breast. Collectively, this study helps to explain both the link between obesity and breast cancer and the utility of blood biomarkers for determining risk and prognosis.
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