ArticlePsychopharmacology2021
(R)-Ketamine attenuates LPS-induced endotoxin-derived delirium through inhibition of neuroinflammation.
Article in Psychopharmacology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07523334 (Impact of Esketamine on Delayed Neurocognitive Recovery in Older Patients Undergoing Non-cardiac Surgery), which is not on this map. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Impact of Esketamine on Delayed Neurocognitive Recovery in Older Patients Undergoing Non-cardiac Surgery: a Two-center, Dose-exploring Pilot Trial
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- A comprehensive review and meta-analysis on the safety and efficacy of esketamine for emerging delirium in elderly patients.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Effect of Subanesthetic Dose of Esketamine on Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorders in Elderly Undergoing Gastrointestinal Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Drug design, development and therapy · 2023Trial
- Pleiotropic modulation of the gut-brain-lung axis by ketamine and its enantiomers.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Review
- Sedation as an Immunomodulator of Inflammatory Responses in the Lung-Brain Axis of ARDS.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Review
- Central-peripheral neuroimmune dynamics in psychological stress and depression: insights from current research.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Review
- Effects of ketamine on postoperative cognition: a scoping review.British journal of anaesthesia · 2025Article
- Could R-Ketamine and Wolfram Syndrome Inform Understanding of Depression and Suicidality? A Sigma-1 Receptor-Based Perspective.Human psychopharmacology · 2025Review
- Age-Dependent Regulation of Hippocampal Inflammation by the Mitochondrial Translocator Protein in Mice.Aging cell · 2025Article
- Non-transgenic rodent models of Alzheimer's disease for preclinical research: a review.Molecular biology reports · 2025Review
- Foxq1 activates CB2R with oleamide to alleviate POCD.Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The effect of esketamine on perioperative neurocognitive dysfunction in elderly patients undergoing gastrointestinal tumor surgery: a randomized double-blind controlled study.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Rodent Model of Cardiopulmonary Bypass Demonstrates Systemic Inflammation and Neuromarker Changes.The Journal of surgical research · 2024Article
- Ketamine, Esketamine, and Arketamine: Their Mechanisms of Action and Applications in the Treatment of Depression and Alleviation of Depressive Symptoms.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Effects of Sea-Buckthorn Flavonoids on Growth Performance, Serum Inflammation, Intestinal Barrier and Microbiota in LPS-Challenged Broilers.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Post-sepsis psychiatric disorder: Pathophysiology, prevention, and treatment.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Review
- (International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Risk of esketamine anesthesia on the emergence delirium in preschool children after minor surgery: a prospective observational clinical study.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2024Observational
- Effect ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Exploring the multifaceted potential of (R)-ketamine beyond antidepressant applications.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
rationale(R)-Ketamine produced beneficial effects in a variety of models of inflammatory diseases, including low dose of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (0.5-1.0 mg/kg)-induced endotoxemia. LPS-treated mice have been used as animal model of delirium.
objectivesWe investigated the effects of (R)-ketamine in neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment in rodents after administration of high dose of LPS.
methodsLPS (5 mg/kg) or saline was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) to mice. (R)-Ketamine (10 mg/kg) was administrated i.p. 24 h before and/or 10 min after LPS injection.
resultsLPS (5.0 mg/kg) caused a remarkable splenomegaly and increased plasma levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines [i.e., interleukin (IL-6), IL-17A, and interferon (IFN)-γ]. There were positive correlations between spleen weight and plasma cytokines levels. Furthermore, LPS led to increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus. Moreover, LPS impaired the natural and learned behaviors, as demonstrated by a decrease in the number of mice's entries and duration in the novel arm in the Y maze test and an increase in the latency of mice to eat the food in the buried food test. Interestingly, the treatment with (R)-ketamine (twice 24 h before and 10 min after LPS injection) significantly attenuated LPS-induced splenomegaly, central and systemic inflammation, and cognitive impairment.
conclusionOur results highlighted the importance of combined prophylactic and therapeutic use of (R)-ketamine in the attenuation of LPS-induced systemic inflammation, neuroinflammation, and cognitive impairment in mice. It is likely that (R)-ketamine could be a prophylactic drug for delirium.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.