Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34313552›Full record

ArticlemAbs

Highly sensitive detection of antibody nonspecific interactions using flow cytometry.

Emily K Makowski, Lina Wu, Alec A Desai, Peter M Tessier

Open access · goldAbstract readVideo-Audio Media
In one paragraph

Article in mAbs. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed
3.7field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  9. Review
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  12. Optimization of synthetic human VProtein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2025
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Applications of Flow Cytometry in Drug Discovery and Translational Research.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Review
  20. Machine learning to predict continuous protein properties from binary cell sorting data and map unseen sequence space.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Emily K MakowskiDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan.ORCID 0000-0002-9709-9873
Lina WuDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan.
Alec A DesaiDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan.ORCID 0000-0002-8322-7096
Peter M TessierDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan.ORCID 0000-0002-3220-007X
University of Michigan · US

Funding

Cellular Biotechnology Training Program (CBTP)T32GM008353 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI SCHWENDEMAN, ANNA · 1991 to 2021
$9.3M
Cellular Biotechnology Training Program (CBTP) - Years 31-35T32GM145304 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Guizhi Zhu · 2022 to 2026
$2.6M
Structure-guided antibody targeting of pre-selected epitopes in amyloidogenic aggregatesR35GM136300 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI TESSIER, PETER M · 2020 to 2024
$1.5M
NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM136300NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM008353NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM145304
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The rapidly evolving nature of antibody drug development has resulted in technologies that generate vast numbers (hundreds to thousands) of lead antibody candidates during early discovery. These candidates must be rapidly pared down to identify the most drug-like candidates for in-depth analysis of their safety and efficacy, which can only be performed on a limited number of antibodies due to time and resource requirements. One key biophysical property of successful antibody therapeutics is high specificity, defined as low levels of nonspecific binding or polyspecificity. Although there has been some progress in developing assays for detecting antibody polyspecificity, most of these assays are limited by poor sensitivity or assay formats that require proprietary antibody surface display methods, and some of these assays use complex and poorly defined polyspecificity reagents. Here we report the PolySpecificity Particle (PSP) assay, a sensitive flow cytometry assay for evaluating antibody nonspecific interactions that overcomes previous limitations and can be used for evaluating diverse types of IgGs, multispecific antibodies and Fc-fusion proteins. Our approach uses micron-sized magnetic beads coated with Protein A to capture antibodies at extremely dilute concentrations (<0.02 mg/mL). Flow cytometry analysis of polyspecificity reagent binding to these conjugates results in sensitive detection of differences in nonspecific interactions for clinical-stage antibodies. Our PSP assay strongly discriminates between antibodies with different levels of polyspecificity using previously reported polyspecificity reagents that are either well-defined proteins or highly complex protein mixtures. Moreover, we also find that a unique reagent, namely ovalbumin, results in the best assay sensitivity and specificity. Importantly, our assay is much more sensitive than standard assays such as ELISAs. We expect that our simple, sensitive, and high-throughput PSP assay will accelerate the development of safe and effective antibody therapeutics.

Indexed as

Antibodies, BispecificAntibody SpecificityFlow CytometryImmunoglobulin GAnimalsCHO CellsCricetulusHEK293 CellsHumansAntibodies, BispecificImmunoglobulin GaffinitybispecificDevelopabilitymultispecific; mAb; IgG; Fc; Fabnon-specificnonspecificoff-target bindingpolyreactivityspecificity

Identifiers

PMID34313552
PMCPMC8317921
OpenAlexW3183816376

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.