ReviewThe Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy2021
Consumption of cephalosporins in the community, European Union/European Economic Area, 1997-2017.
Review in The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Performance of PEN-FAST and CEPH-FAST for Cephalosporin Allergy Delabeling.Clinical and translational allergy · 2026Article
- The Role of Chitosan-Based Materials in Interactions with Antibiotics: An Overview of In Vitro and In Silico Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Recent Advances in Bioanalysis of Cephalosporins Toward Green Sample Preparation.Journal of separation science · 2025Review
- Antibiotics versus Non-Antibiotic in the treatment of Aspiration Pneumonia: analysis of the MIMIC-IV database.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2024Article
- Cephalosporin Allergy: Updates on Diagnostic Testing.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2024Review
- Antimicrobial Consumption from 2017 to 2021 in East Trinidad and Tobago: A Study in the English-Speaking Caribbean.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Changes in Sensitization Patterns in the Last 25 Years in 619 Patients with Confirmed Diagnoses of Immediate Hypersensitivity Reactions to Beta-Lactams.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Consumption of Antibacterials for Systemic Use in Slovakia: A National Study and the Quality Indicators for Outpatient Antibiotic Use.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Consumption of macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins in the community, European Union/European Economic Area, 1997-2017.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2021Review
- Analysing the trend over time of antibiotic consumption in the community: a tutorial on the detection of common change-points.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2021Article
- Quality appraisal of antibiotic consumption in the community, European Union/European Economic Area, 2009 and 2017.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2021Article
- Consumption of antibiotics in the community, European Union/European Economic Area, 1997-2017: data collection, management and analysis.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2021Article
- Change-points in antibiotic consumption in the community, European Union/European Economic Area, 1997-2017.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2021Review
- Consumption of antibiotics in the community, European Union/European Economic Area, 1997-2017.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesData on cephalosporin consumption in the community were collected from 30 EU/EEA countries over two decades. This article reviews temporal trends, seasonal variation, presence of change-points and changes in the composition of the main subgroups of cephalosporins.
methodsFor the period 1997-2017, data on consumption of cephalosporins (i.e. first-, second-, third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins; ATC subgroups J01DB, J01DC, J01DD and J01DE, respectively) in the community and aggregated at the level of the active substance, were collected using the WHO ATC/DDD methodology (ATC/DDD index 2019). Consumption was expressed in DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day and in packages per 1000 inhabitants per day. Cephalosporin consumption was analysed based on ATC-4 subgroup, and presented as trends, seasonal variation, presence of change-points and compositional changes.
resultsIn 2017, cephalosporin consumption in the community expressed in DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day varied by a factor of 285 between countries with the highest (Greece) and the lowest (the Netherlands) consumption. Cephalosporin consumption did not change significantly between the first quarter of 1997 and the last quarter of 2017. Seasonal variation decreased significantly over time. Proportional consumption of second- and third-generation cephalosporins significantly increased over time compared with that of first-generation cephalosporins, and proportional consumption of fourth-generation cephalosporins significantly decreased compared with that of second- and third-generation cephalosporins.
conclusionsDespite considerable variation between countries in the composition of cephalosporin consumption and trends over time, a significant shift towards consumption of more broad-spectrum cephalosporins in the community was observed across the EU/EEA during 1997-2017.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.