ArticleNature medicine2021
CAR T cells with dual targeting of CD19 and CD22 in adult patients with recurrent or refractory B cell malignancies: a phase 1 trial.
3 registry-linked trialsOpen access · hybridAbstract readClinical Trial, Phase I
In one paragraph
Article in Nature medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 402 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
402citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
35.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
NCT06735495 phase1 / phase2recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation
The Safety and Efficacy of CD19 & CD22 Bispecific CAR T Cells in Treating Relapsed / Refractory B Cell Hematological Tumors
NCT07094477 phase2active not recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation
An Exploratory Clinical Study on Targeted CD22/CD19 CAR-T Cell Immunotherapy for First-line Consolidation Therapy of High-risk Invasive B-cell Lymphoma
NCT07319676 phase1 / phase2recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation
Antigen Targeted T Cell Therapy for Relapsed/Refractory B Cell Lymphomas
Who cites it
402 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 545 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeted therapies in pediatric B-Cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: mechanisms, efficacy, and future directions.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- CAR-T cell therapy in non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a clinical trial landscape review.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Exploring current evidence on bispecific CAR-T cell therapy for acute leukemias: a systematic review.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Pooled it
- Outcomes of Wild Type and TP53-Mutated B Cell Malignancy Patients Receiving CAR-T Cell Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of CD19 combined with CD22 or CD20 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for hematological malignancies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Neuropsychiatric manifestations following chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy for cancer: a systematic review of clinical outcomes and management strategies.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Pooled it
- Clinical outcomes and spatial transcriptomic profiles of CD19/20 CAR-T therapy in relapsed or refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Trial
- Demethylation-primed tandem CD19/CD20 CAR T cells in relapsed/refractory B-cell lymphoma: a phase I/II trial.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- Tandem CD19/CD22 CAR T-cells as potential therapy for children and young adults with high-risk r/r B-ALL.EBioMedicine · 2025Trial
- Glofitamab in refractory or relapsed diffuse large B cell lymphoma after failing CAR-T cell therapy: a phase 2 LYSA study.Nature cancer · 2025Trial
- Efficacy and safety of a novel CD19, CD22 dual-targeted fully human loop bi-CAR-T for the treatment of relapsed/refractory B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Trial
- P329G-engager: a universal mix & match antibody-based adaptor platform for cancer immunotherapy.mAbs · 2026Article
- Meditope-Enabled Chimeric Antigen Receptors Facilitate Plug-and-Play Control of T Cells.Cancer immunology research · 2026Article
- Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy in non-oncological diseases.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Multi-dimensional orchestration of binders for improved CAR-T immunotherapy.Cancer letters · 2026Review
- RHOA Deletion Downregulates CD19 and Promotes Dysfunctional Immune Microenvironments in CAR-T Resistant Large B-cell Lymphomas.Blood cancer discovery · 2026Article
- Engineering the next generation of cellular therapies for solid tumors: multi-specific armored CARs and TME reprogramming strategies.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Review
- From Glycocode to Precision Oncology: Therapeutic Strategies Targeting Aberrant O-GalNAc Glycosylation in Cancer.Chemical reviews · 2026Review
- Article
- B Cell Aplasia Following CAR T Cell Therapy: Incidence, Kinetics, Prognostic Implications, and Clinical Management.Cancers · 2026Review
342 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
49 authors at 9 institutions in 1 country.
Jay Y Spiegel *Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6491-0044
Shabnum Patel *Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4782-9540
Lori Muffly *Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9887-6136
Nasheed M HossainDivision of Hematology/Oncology, Loyola University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3278-655X
Jean OakDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
John H BairdDivision of Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8291-6546
Matthew J FrankDivision of Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Parveen ShirazDivision of Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Bita SahafCenter for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Juliana CraigDivision of Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5644-2292
Maria IglesiasDivision of Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Sheren YounesDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Yasodha NatkunamDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9816-1018
Michael G OzawaDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Eric YangDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
John TamaresisDepartment of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Harshini ChinnasamyCenter for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Zach EhlingerCenter for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Warren ReynoldsCenter for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Rachel LynnCenter for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Maria Caterina RotirotiDepartment of Pediatrics-Hematology/Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Nikolaos GkitsasCenter for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Sally AraiDivision of Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Laura JohnstonDivision of Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Robert LowskyDivision of Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Robbie G MajznerCenter for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6969-8011
Everett MeyerDivision of Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Robert S NegrinDivision of Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Andrew R RezvaniDivision of Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Surbhi SidanaDivision of Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3288-7614
Judith ShizuruDivision of Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3246-4726
Wen-Kai WengDivision of Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Chelsea MullinsAdaptive Biotechnologies, Seattle, WA, USA.
Allison JacobAdaptive Biotechnologies, Seattle, WA, USA.
Ilan KirschAdaptive Biotechnologies, Seattle, WA, USA.
Magali BazzanoIsoPlexis, Brantford, CT, USA.
Jing ZhouIsoPlexis, Brantford, CT, USA.
Sean MackayIsoPlexis, Brantford, CT, USA.
Scott J BornheimerBD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA.
Liora SchultzCenter for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Sneha RamakrishnaCenter for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7445-3190
Kara L DavisCenter for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7182-2592
Katherine A KongCenter for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Nirali N ShahPediatric Oncology Branch Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8474-9080
Haiying QinPediatric Oncology Branch Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5966-8812
Terry FryPediatric Oncology Branch Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8044-5226
Steven FeldmanCenter for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Crystal L MackallCenter for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. cmackall@stanford.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6323-4304
David B MiklosDivision of Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. dmiklos@stanford.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0717-4305
Stanford University · USNational Institutes of Health · USAdaptive Biotechnologies (United States) · USIsoPlexis (United States) · USBD Biosciences (United States) · USLoyola University Medical Center · USLyell Immunopharma (United States) · USStanford Blood Center · USStanford Medicine · US
Funding
TUMOR SPECIFIC CYTOTOXIC T-LYMPHOCYTES IN BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATIONP01CA049605 · NCI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI David B. Miklos, Robert S Negrin · 1989 to 2026
$73.3MTranslational Oncology Research Program (Project-005)P30CA124435 · NCI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI LAURA D ATTARDI · 2007 to 2026
$71.4MUnderstanding and Overcoming Resistance to Immunotherapies in Childhood CancersU54CA232568 · NCI · CHILDREN'S HOSP OF PHILADELPHIA · PI MACKALL, CRYSTAL, MARIS, JOHN M · 2018 to 2022
$13.1MImmunotherapeutic approaches to treat pediatric hematologic malignanciesZIABC011823 · NCI · DIVISION OF BASIC SCIENCES - NCI · PI SHAH, NIRALI · 2019 to 2025
$6.1MPURPOSE OF THE NGVB CONTRACT IS TO CONTINUE SUPPORTING GENE THERAPY RESEARCH.75N92019D00018 · OD · INDIANA UNIVERSITY INDIANAPOLIS · 2019 to 2023
$1.7MREGULATION OF THE BIOSYNTHESIS OF THE OPIOID PEPTIDES AND OTHER NEUROPEPTIDESZ01HL000018 · NHLBI · HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE · PI SABOL, S L · 1985 to 1992
–NCI NIH HHS P01 CA049605NCI NIH HHS P30 CA124435NCI NIH HHS U54 CA232568NHLBI NIH HHS 75N92019D00018
Abstract
Despite impressive progress, more than 50% of patients treated with CD19-targeting chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR19) experience progressive disease. Ten of 16 patients with large B cell lymphoma (LBCL) with progressive disease after CAR19 treatment had absent or low CD19. Lower surface CD19 density pretreatment was associated with progressive disease. To prevent relapse with CD19
Indexed as
Immunotherapy, AdoptiveAdultAgedAntigens, CD19Disease ProgressionHumansLymphoma, B-CellMiddle AgedRecurrenceSialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 2Antigens, CD19CD19 molecule, humanCD22 protein, humanSialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 2
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.