Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34309853›Full record

ReviewImmunology2021

Unboxing dendritic cells: Tales of multi-faceted biology and function.

Heather M Giza, Leonia Bozzacco

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. mFrontiers in immunology · 2026
    Review
  2. A review of vaccinology andHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025
    Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Immune Mechanisms in Hypertension.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2024
    Review
  7. Article
  8. ExploitingCells · 2024
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Heather M GizaCancer Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Leonia BozzaccoRegeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Tarrytown, New York, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9817-0443
Regeneron (United States) · USUniversity of Michigan · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Often referred to as the bridge between innate and adaptive immunity, dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that constitute a unique, yet complex cell system. Among other APCs, DCs display the unique property of inducing protective immune responses against invading microbes, or cancer cells, while safeguarding the proper homeostatic equilibrium of the immune system and maintaining self-tolerance. Unsurprisingly, DCs play a role in many diseases such as autoimmunity, allergy, infectious disease and cancer. This makes them attractive but challenging targets for therapeutics. Since their initial discovery, research and understanding of DC biology have flourished. We now recognize the presence of multiple subsets of DCs distributed across tissues. Recent studies of phenotype and gene expression at the single cell level have identified heterogeneity even within the same DC type, supporting the idea that DCs have evolved to greatly expand the flexibility of the immune system to react appropriately to a wide range of threats. This review is meant to serve as a quick and robust guide to understand the basic divisions of DC subsets and their role in the immune system. Between mice and humans, there are some differences in how these subsets are identified and function, and we will point out specific distinctions as necessary. Throughout the text, we are using both fundamental and therapeutic lens to describe overlaps and distinctions and what this could mean for future research and therapies.

Indexed as

Adaptive ImmunityImmune ToleranceImmunity, InnateAnimalsAutoimmune DiseasesCommunicable DiseasesDendritic CellsDisease Models, AnimalHomeostasisHumansHypersensitivityMiceNeoplasmsantigen presentationdendritic cell developmentdendritic cell subsetsimmune responsesimmunotherapyvaccine approaches

Identifiers

PMID34309853
PMCPMC8517577
OpenAlexW3185365827

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.