SynthesisSports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)2021
Muscle Activity and Activation in Previously Strain-Injured Lower Limbs: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Technical aspects of virtual augmented reality-based rehabilitation systems for musculoskeletal disorders of the lower limbs: a systematic review.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2023Pooled it
- [Muscle injuries in sport : High clinical relevance and diagnostic challenges].Orthopadie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Early and persisting increase in fat content after human muscle strain injuries in adults.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Neuromotor function following lower-limb muscle or tendon injury: Systematic review and meta-analysis.Sports medicine and health science · 2026Review
- Impact of Prior Hamstring Strain Injury on Muscle Morphology and Sprinting Biomechanics in Collegiate American Football Athletes.Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports · 2026Observational
- Article
- Fascia and Muscle Stiffness in Soccer Athletes with and Without Previous Hamstring Injury.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2025Article
- Article
- Influence of Hamstring Injuries and Vision on Posterior Chain Muscle Activation during Challenging Single-Limb Balance Control among Athletes with Hamstring Strain Injuries.Journal of musculoskeletal & neuronal interactions · 2024Article
- Advances in the Clinical Diagnostics to Equine Back Pain: A Review of Imaging and Functional Modalities.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Review
- Is Muscle Architecture Different in Athletes with a Previous Hamstring Strain? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLower limb muscle strain injury is highly prevalent in running-based sports and is considered a risk factor for recurrent injury. It is possible that differences in muscle activity and activation in previously strain-injured limbs may contribute to the elevated risk of reinjury.
objectivesTo systematically review available literature investigating whether muscle activity and/or activation is different in previously strain-injured muscles compared to contralateral uninjured muscles or uninjured controls.
methodsA systematic review of literature in SPORTDiscus, MEDLINE Complete, CINAHL and Web of Science was conducted. Full-text English articles which compared indicators of neuromuscular function between injured and uninjured contralateral limbs or control groups in those with a history of muscle strain injury were included.
resultsTwelve studies were included in the review after eligibility criteria were applied. A best evidence synthesis revealed moderate to limited evidence suggesting differences in surface electromyography (sEMG) amplitude, integrated sEMG amplitude, inter-muscle sEMG ratios and voluntary activation in injured limbs, most often during eccentric contractions. Studies utilising sprinting assessments demonstrated conflicting evidence when comparing late swing phase biceps femoris sEMG amplitude between limbs with a history of hamstring strain injury and uninjured contralateral limbs.
conclusionsDifferences in muscle activity and activation were observed between injured and uninjured limbs across a variety of strength assessments. The evidence supporting these differences was most often moderate or limited and was generally observed during eccentric contractions. Mostly conflicting or limited evidence was found to suggest that participants with previous hamstring strain injury demonstrate no differences in muscle activity during running tasks when compared with their uninjured counterparts or contralateral limbs. TRIAL REGISTRY: PROSPERO (ID, CRD42019135681).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.