ReviewGlobal health action2021
Syndemic contexts: findings from a review of research on non-communicable diseases and interviews with experts.
Review in Global health action, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Gender-based violence syndemics in global health: A systematic review.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025Pooled it
- Adverse Childhood Experiences and Life Course Adversity Related to Geriatric Syndromes: A Narrative Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- Reverse migration and the health emergency among Afghan returnees: a call for regional action.International journal for equity in health · 2025Article
- Associations Between Both HIV and Metabolic Comorbidity and Self-Reported Mpox Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2025Article
- Syndemic lives of women who smoke and experience homelessness: secondary analysis of US qualitative data.Health promotion international · 2025Article
- Article
- Dengue and diabetes comorbidities: an emerging syndemic public health threat.International health · 2025Article
- 'It Is Like a Cross-Stitch … All Joined Together But Not Making a Very Nice Pattern': A Qualitative Study of Patient Perspectives on Physical Health Inequalities in Severe Mental Illness.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2025Article
- A comprehensive vision for women's mental health.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2025Article
- Role of Social Determinants of Health in COVID-19 Recovery: A Qualitative Study.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Clustering of behavioral and chronic health risk factors and their association with self-reported health and cardiovascular disease outcome among adults in North Carolina.AIMS public health · 2025Article
- Co-occurring Intimate Partner Violence, Mental Health, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, and Parenting Among Women: A Scoping Review.Trauma, violence & abuse · 2024Article
- Convergence between Cardiometabolic and Infectious Diseases in Adults from a Syndemic Perspective: A Scoping Review.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2024Article
- Using a Syndemics Perspective to (Re)Conceptualize Vulnerability during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Scoping Review.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2024Article
- Associations Between Food Insufficiency and Health Conditions Among New York City Adults, 2017-2018.Journal of community health · 2024Article
- Racial Discrimination and Multimorbidity Among Older Adults in Colombia: A National Data Analysis.Preventing chronic disease · 2023Article
- Patient priority setting in HIV ageing research: exploring the feasibility of community engagement and involvement in Tanzania.Research involvement and engagement · 2023Article
- COVID-19, Mental Health, and Chronic Illnesses: A Syndemic Perspective.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Review
- Applying the syndemic framework to cancer research for effective cancer control in low- and middle-income countries.Ecancermedicalscience · 2023Article
- In the Shadow of COVID-19: The Well-Being and Rights of People Living with Dementia in Finland During the Pandemic.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSyndemics are characterized by the clustering of two or more health conditions, their adverse interaction, and contextual factors that create the conditions for clustering and/or interaction that worsens health outcomes. Studying syndemics entails drawing on diverse disciplines, including epidemiology and anthropology. This often means collaboration between researchers with different scholarly backgrounds, who share and - ideally - integrate their findings.
objectiveThis article examines how context within syndemics has been defined and studied.
methodsA literature review of empirical studies focusing on syndemics involving non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and mental health conditions was conducted and the full text of 13 articles was analyzed. The review was followed-up with semi-structured interviews with 11 expert researchers working in the field.
resultsThe review and interviews highlighted a relatively consistent definition of syndemics. The reviewed studies of NCD-related syndemics tended to focus on micro-level context, suggesting a need to analyze further underlying structural factors. In their syndemics research, respondents described working with other disciplines and, although there were some challenges, welcomed greater disciplinary diversity. Methodological gaps, including a lack of mixed methods and longitudinal studies, were identified, for which further interdisciplinary collaborations would be beneficial.
conclusionsNCD-related syndemics research would benefit from further analysis of structural factors and the interconnections between syndemic components across multiple levels, together with more ambitious research designs integrating quantitative and qualitative methods. Research on the COVID-19 pandemic can benefit from a syndemics approach, particularly to understand vulnerability and the unequal impacts of this public health crisis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.