ArticleDemographic research
Women's employment and fertility in a global perspective (1960-2015).
Article in Demographic research. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- How Many Children in a Family? Fertility Ideals and Gender Equality Norms in 26 Societies.European journal of population = Revue europeenne de demographie · 2026Article
- The relationship between women's occupation and fertility outcomes in The Gambia, 2019-2020.BMC women's health · 2026Article
- Motivations of Childbearing Among Iranian Working Mothers With Two or More Children: A Qualitative Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Assessment of fertility knowledge and attitudes towards parenthood and fertility preservation among tertiary-educated youths in Singapore.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2026Article
- Article
- Partisan Divergence in Fertility Change Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Florida.Population research and policy review · 2025Article
- Factors associated with unrealized fertility among women approaching the end of reproductive age in sub-Saharan Africa.PloS one · 2025Article
- BRP-Net: A discrete-aware network based on attention mechanisms and LSTM for birth rate prediction in prefecture-level cities.PloS one · 2024Article
- Determinants of Fertility Intentions of the Women in Bosnia and Herzegovina-An Example from the Semberija Region.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Shift-work and breastfeeding for women returning to work in a manufacturing workplace in Taiwan.International breastfeeding journal · 2022Article
- Childhood Demographics and Socioeconomic Conditions Predict Reproduction 15 Years Later.Evolutionary psychology : an international journal of evolutionary approaches to psychology and behaviorArticle
- Variability in Reproductive Choices: A Comprehensive Analysis of Women's Working Status and Fertility Behavior in Pakistan.Inquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision and financingArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundScant research explores the association between women's employment and fertility on a truly global scale due to limited cross-national comparative standardized information across contexts.
methodsThis paper compiles a unique dataset that combines nationally representative country-level data on women's wage employment from the International Labor Organization with fertility and reproductive health measures from the United Nations and additional information from UNESCO, OECD, and the World Bank. This dataset is used to explore the linear association between women's employment and fertility/reproductive health around the world between 1960 and 2015.
resultsWomen's wage employment is negatively correlated with total fertility rates and unmet need for family planning and positively correlated with modern contraceptive use in every major world region. Nonetheless, evidence suggests that these findings hold for nonagricultural employment only. CONTRIBUTION: Our analysis documents the linear association between women's employment and fertility on a global scale and widens the discussion to include reproductive health outcomes as well. Better understanding of these empirical associations on a global scale is important for understanding the mechanisms behind global fertility change.
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Registered trials
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