Trial reportJournal of sport and health science2021
Effect of high-intensity interval training in adolescents with asthma: The eXercise for Asthma with Commando Joe's® (X4ACJ) trial.
Trial report in Journal of sport and health science, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effect of Exercise on Asthma in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of different types of exercise intensity on improving health-related physical fitness in children and adolescents: a systematic review.Scientific reports · 2024Pooled it
- Predictors of Health-Related Quality of Life in Neurodivergent Children: A Systematic Review.Clinical child and family psychology review · 2024Pooled it
- Process evaluation of school-based high-intensity interval training interventions for children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Asthma and high-intensity interval training have no effect on clustered cardiometabolic risk or arterial stiffness in adolescents.European journal of applied physiology · 2021Trial
- Rehabilitation effects of high-intensity interval training on asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
- Multicomponent intervention for schoolchildren with asthma: Pilot cluster randomized controlled trial.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global · 2025Article
- Effects of high-intensity interval training on lipid metabolism, tumor necrosis factor-α, and C-reactive proteinin overweight children.American journal of translational research · 2024Article
- Article
- Effects of physical activity on lung function and quality of life in asthmatic children: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Review
- Feasibility of exercise therapy for children with asthma: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Article
- Exercise Rehabilitation and Chronic Respiratory Diseases: Effects, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Benefits.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2023Review
- Exercising with Asthma: A Slow Burn or a Quick HIIT?The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2022Article
- Classroom-Based Strategies to Reduce Disparities in Physical Activity Among Children with Asthma.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2022Article
- Identifying facilitators and barriers for adolescents participating in a school-based HIIT intervention: the eXercise for asthma with commando Joe's® (X4ACJ) programme.BMC public health · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHigher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness are associated with reduced asthma severity and increased quality of life in those with asthma. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a 6-month high-intensity interval training (HIIT) intervention in adolescents with and without asthma.
methodsA total of 616 adolescents (334 boys; 13.0 ± 1.1 years, 1.57 ± 0.10 m, 52.6 ± 12.9 kg, mean ± SD), including 155 with asthma (78 boys), were recruited as part of a randomized controlled trial from 5 schools (4 control and 1 intervention). The 221 intervention participants (116 boys; 47 asthma) completed 6 months of school-based HIIT (30 min, 3 times per week, 10-30 s bouts at >90% age-predicted maximum heart rate with equal rest). At baseline, mid-intervention, post-intervention, and 3-month follow-up, measurements for 20-m shuttle run, body mass index (BMI), lung function, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, Paediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire, and Asthma Control Questionnaire were collected. Additionally, 69 adolescents (39 boys (of the 36 with asthma there were 21 boys)) also completed an incremental ramp test. For analysis, each group's data (intervention and control) were divided into those with and without asthma.
resultsParticipants with asthma did not differ from their peers in any parameter of aerobic fitness, at any time-point, but were characterized by a greater BMI. The intervention elicited a significant improvement in maximal aerobic fitness but no change in sub-maximal parameters of aerobic fitness, lung function, or quality of life irrespective of asthma status. Those in the intervention group maintained their BMI, whereas BMI significantly increased in the control group throughout the 6-month period.
conclusionHIIT represents an effective tool for improving aerobic fitness and maintaining BMI in adolescents, irrespective of asthma status. HIIT was well-tolerated by those with asthma, who evidenced a similar aerobic fitness to their healthy peers and responded equally well to a HIIT program.
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