Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34304230›Full record

ArticleIntervirology2021

The Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Human Metapneumovirus in Bulgaria, 2016-2019.

Neli S Korsun, Svetla G Angelova, Ivelina T Trifonova, Silvia E Voleva, Iliana G Grigorova, Iren S Tzotcheva, Sirma D Mileva, Penka I Perenovska

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Intervirology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 26% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Neli S KorsunDepartment of Virology, National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Svetla G AngelovaDepartment of Virology, National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Ivelina T TrifonovaDepartment of Virology, National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Silvia E VolevaDepartment of Virology, National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Iliana G GrigorovaDepartment of Virology, National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Iren S TzotchevaPediatric Clinic, University Hospital Alexandrovska, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Sirma D MilevaPediatric Clinic, University Hospital Alexandrovska, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Penka I PerenovskaPediatric Clinic, University Hospital Alexandrovska, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.
National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases · BGAlexandrovska Hospital · BG

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionWe investigated the prevalence of human metapneumovirus (hMPV) among patients with acute respiratory infections in Bulgaria, and performed genetic characterization of the F gene of these strains.

methodsNasopharyngeal swabs collected from patients of a range of ages were tested by using real-time PCR for 12 respiratory viruses. The F gene was sequenced, and phylogenetic and amino acid analyses of the F gene/protein were performed.

resultsA total of 1,842 patients were examined during a 3-year period; 1,229 patients (66.7%) were positive for at least one respiratory virus. hMPV was identified in 83 (4.5%) patient samples. Eleven (13%) of hMPV-positive patients were coinfected with another respiratory virus. The hMPV incidence rate in the 2016/2017, 2017/2018, and 2018/2019 winter seasons was 5.4, 5.4, and 3.1%, respectively. hMPV was mainly detected in specimens collected between January and May (89.2% of cases). The incidence of hMPV infection was highest (5.1%) among the youngest age-group (0-4 years), where hMPV was a causative agent in 8.1 and 4.8% of bronchiolitis and pneumonia cases, respectively. Among the patients aged ≥5 years, hMPV was detected in 2.2 and 3.2% of cases of pneumonia and central nervous system infections, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of the F gene showed that the sequenced hMPV strains belonged to the A2b, B1, and B2 genotypes. Numerous amino acid substitutions were identified compared with the NL00/1 prototype strain.

conclusionThis study revealed the significant role of hMPV as a causative agent of serious respiratory illnesses in early childhood, and also demonstrated year-to-year changes in hMPV prevalence and genetic diversity in circulating strains.

Indexed as

MetapneumovirusParamyxoviridae InfectionsRespiratory Tract InfectionsBulgariaChild, PreschoolGenotypeHumansInfantInfant, NewbornPhylogenyPrevalenceAmino acid substitutionGenetic diversityGenotypeHuman metapneumovirusRespiratory infectionRespiratory virus

Identifiers

PMID34304230
PMCPMC8619751
OpenAlexW3184272326

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.