ArticleIndian journal of ophthalmology2021
Prevalence of color vision deficiency among school-going boys in South India.
Article in Indian journal of ophthalmology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Factors affecting color vision: a systematic review.International journal of ophthalmology · 2026Review
- A Global Perspective of Color Vision Deficiency: Awareness, Diagnosis, and Lived Experiences.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Prevalence of Congenital Color Vision Deficiency in Southern Taiwan and Detection of Female Carriers by Visual Pigment Gene Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Factors associated with myopia in 19-year-old adult men in Korea between 2014 and 2020.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Commentary: Significance of early screening for color vision in children.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: Impact of color vision deficiency (CVD) on activities at school and productivity at work and consequential psychosocial difficulties has been reported. Although early detection and awareness help in overcoming these difficulties, screening for CVD is not a part of the school eye-screening initiatives in many countries. This study aimed at reporting the prevalence of CVD among school-going boys in Kanchipuram district, South India. Methods: The study was carried out as part of a school eye-screening program (SES) conducted in Kanchipuram district, Tamil Nadu, India for children between 6 and 17 years. The SES followed a three-phased protocol, which also included screening for CVD for all the boys between 11 and 17 years. The boys underwent CVD screening with Dalton's pseudo isochromatic plates (PIPs) followed by confirmation with Ishihara's PIP. The data were analyzed and the proportion of CVD in boys among different class grades, type of schools, location of schools, blocks of the district, and other clinical characteristics are presented. Results: Totally 250,052 children were screened in 1047 schools of which 74986 (60.61%) were boys between 11 and 17 years (mean age: 13.75 ± 1.91). The overall prevalence of CVD was found to be 2.76% (n = 2073; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.65-2.88). CVD was associated with urban locations (3.17% odds ratio [OR]: 1.90 95%CI: 1.69-2.13 P < 0.05) and public schooling (2.87%) (OR: 1.29 95%CI: 1.17-1.43 P < 0.05). Boys with CVD were less likely to have vision impairment (P = 0.002) and myopia (P < 0.001) as compared with boys with normal color vision. There was no significant difference in the proportion of other ocular conditions between children with and without CVD (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The study shows a significant proportion of CVD among boys in Kanchipuram district, India and its association with various demographic and clinical characteristics. Identification of CVD and counseling the stakeholders earlier through school children screening is crucial.
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