ReviewJournal of neuroimmunology2021
Neurological manifestations of COVID-19: A comprehensive literature review and discussion of mechanisms.
Review in Journal of neuroimmunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Cerebral Haemorrhage and SARS-CoV-2: An Emerging Virus From a Meta-Analysis Perspective.Reviews in medical virology · 2025Pooled it
- The Intracerebral Haemorrhage in Patients With Dengue Fever: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Reviews in medical virology · 2025Pooled it
- Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome and reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome in patients with COVID-19 infection: is there a link? A systematic review and case report analysis.Journal of neurology · 2023Pooled it
- Organokines in COVID-19: A Systematic Review.Cells · 2023Pooled it
- Infection of 5xFAD mice with a mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 does not alter Alzheimer's disease neuropathology yet induces widespread changes in gene expression across diverse cell types.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Infection of 5xFAD mice with a mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 does not alter Alzheimer's disease neuropathology yet induces wide-spread changes in gene expression across diverse cell types.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Serum NSE and EEG sleep figures for prognostication of short-term outcomes in adults with severe COVID-19 pneumonia: a prospective single-center study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Molecular overlaps of neurological manifestations of COVID-19 and schizophrenia from a proteomic perspective.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2025Article
- Functional Connectivity Alterations Associated with COVID-19-Related Sleep Problems: A Longitudinal Resting-State fMRI Study.Nature and science of sleep · 2025Article
- Neuropsychiatric Manifestations of COVID-19 Disease and Post COVID Syndrome: The Role of N-acetylcysteine and Acetyl-L-carnitine.Current neuropharmacology · 2025Review
- MRI evidence of gray matter loss in COVID-19 patients with cognitive and olfactory disorders.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2024Article
- Patients recovering from COVID-19 who presented with anosmia during their acute episode have behavioral, functional, and structural brain alterations.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Social impact of brain fog and analysis of risk factors: Long COVID in Japanese population.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2024Article
- Unmasking the long-term effects: unravelling neuropsychiatric and neurological consequences of COVID-19.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2024Review
- SARS‑CoV‑2 infection and associated risk factors for clinical cases of cerebral venous thrombosis: A case series.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2024Article
- A Characterization of Neurology Consults for Inpatients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection Compared to Other Respiratory Viruses.Neurology international · 2023Article
- Association of body mass index with COVID-19-related neurologic sequelae: a retrospective cohort study.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2023Article
- Serum neurofilament light chain in COVID-19 and the influence of renal function.European journal of medical research · 2023Article
- Aged brain and neuroimmune responses to COVID-19: post-acute sequelae and modulatory effects of behavioral and nutritional interventions.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2023Review
- Incidence of Epilepsy and Seizures Over the First 6 Months After a COVID-19 Diagnosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Neurology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Several neurological symptoms and complications have been described in association with COVID-19, such as anosmia, ageusia, encephalitis and Guillain-Barré syndrome. Here, we review the literature describing SARS-CoV-2-induced neurological manifestations and provide a comprehensive discussion of proposed mechanisms underlying the neurological pathophysiology. First, we analyse the neuroinvasiveness potential of the coronavirus family based on previous SARS-CoV-1 studies. Then, we describe the current evidence on COVID-19-induced nervous tissue damage, including processes behind brain vasculopathy and cytokine storm. We also discuss in detail anosmia and Guillain-Barré syndrome. Finally, we provide a summarised timeline of the main findings in the field. Future perspectives are presented, and suggestions of further investigations to clarify how SARS-COV-2 can affect the CNS.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.