Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34302525›Full record

ArticleEuropean spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society2021

Radiological features of cervical spine in dropped head syndrome: a matched case-control study.

Yoshifumi Kudo, Tomoaki Toyone, Ichiro Okano, Koji Ishikawa, Soji Tani, Akira Matsuoka, Hiroshi Maruyama, Ryo Yamamura, Chikara Hayakawa, Koki Tsuchiya and 6 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 28% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of cervical paraspinal muscles in dropped head syndrome.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Radiological features of dropped head syndrome.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2024
    Article
  6. Conservative treatment for dropped head syndrome.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2023
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Yoshifumi KudoDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan. Kudo_4423@med.showa-u.ac.jp.ORCID 0000-0003-0469-3361
Tomoaki ToyoneDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan.
Ichiro OkanoDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan.
Koji IshikawaDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan.
Soji TaniDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan.
Akira MatsuokaDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan.
Hiroshi MaruyamaDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan.
Ryo YamamuraDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan.
Chikara HayakawaDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan.
Koki TsuchiyaDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan.
Haruka EmoriDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan.
Toshiyuki ShirahataDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan.
Yushi HoshinoDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan.
Tomoyuki OzawaDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan.
Taiki YasukawaDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan.
Katsunori InagakiDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan.
Showa University · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeDropped head syndrome (DHS) is presumably caused by focal myopathy in the cervical posterior muscles; however, distinguishable radiological features of the cervical spine in DHS remain unidentified. This study investigated the radiological features of the cervical spine in dropped head syndrome.

methodsThe records of DHS patients and age- and sex-matched cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) patients were reviewed. Cervical spinal parameters (C2-7, C2-4, and C5-7 angles) were assessed on lateral cervical spine radiographs. Quantitative radiographic evaluation of cervical spine degeneration was performed using the cervical degenerative index (CDI), which consists of four elements: disk space narrowing (DSN), endplate sclerosis, osteophyte formation, and listhesis.

resultsForty-one DHS patients were included. Statistically significant differences were noted between the upper and lower cervical spine in the sagittal angle parameters on the neutral, flexion, and extension radiographs in DHS group, whereas no significant differences were observed in CSM group. CDI comparison showed significantly higher scores of DSN in C3/4, C4/5, C5/6, and C6/7; sclerosis in C5/6 and C6/7; and osteophyte formation in C4/5, C5/6, and C6/7 in DHS group than in CSM group. Comparison of listhesis scores revealed significant differences in the upper levels of the cervical spine (C2/3, C3/4, and C4/5) between two groups.

conclusionOur results demonstrated that the characteristic radiological features in the cervical spine of DHS include lower-level dominant severe degenerative change and upper-level dominant spondylolisthesis. These findings suggest that degenerative changes in the cervical spine may also play a role in the onset and progression of DHS.

Indexed as

Cervical VertebraeMuscular DiseasesCase-Control StudiesHumansNeckRadiographyCervical degenerative indexCervical spineDropped head syndromeRadiological featureSpondylolisthesis

Identifiers

PMID34302525
OpenAlexW3185651971

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.