ArticleEuropean journal of clinical nutrition2022
25-Hydroxyvitamin D reference percentiles and the role of their determinants among European children and adolescents.
Article in European journal of clinical nutrition, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Determinants of Outdoor Time in Children and Youth: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal and Intervention Studies.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Pooled it
- Determinants of Vitamin D Status: An Analysis in a Primary Care Setting in Lithuania of Age, Gender and Seasonality.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modelling of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations in Schoolchildren Receiving Weekly Oral Vitamin DNutrients · 2025Article
- Vitamin D status and muscle strength in a pan-European cohort of children and adolescents with normal weight and overweight/obesity.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- No Impairment in Bone Turnover or Executive Functions in Well-Treated Preschoolers with Phenylketonuria-A Pilot Study.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Longitudinal analysis of vitamin D levels considering sunshine duration and suggestion for a standardised approach for vitamin D supplementation in children and adolescents with obesity.BMC pediatrics · 2024Article
- Age-, season- and gender-specific reference intervals of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin DThe journal of physiological sciences : JPS · 2024Article
- Comment On: Serum Vitamin D Levels in Children and Adolescents with Vasovagal Syncope, Syncope due to Orthostatic Hypotension, and Cardiac Syncope.Turkish archives of pediatrics · 2023Article
- Vitamin D status among residents of Molidawa Daur Autonomous Banner, Inner Mongolia, North China.Saudi medical journal · 2023Article
- Article
- Vitamin D status in children.Jornal de pediatriaArticle
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesTo provide age- and sex-specific percentile curves of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) by determinants from 3-<15 year-old European children, and to analyse how modifiable determinants influence 25(OH)D. SUBJECTS/
methodsSerum samples were collected from children of eight European countries participating in the multicenter IDEFICS/I.Family cohort studies. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were analysed in a central lab by a chemiluminescence assay and the values from 2171 children (N = 3606 measurements) were used to estimate percentile curves using the generalized additive model for location, scale and shape. The association of 25(OH)D with time spent outdoors was investigated considering sex, age, country, parental education, BMI z score, UV radiation, and dietary vitamin D in regressions models.
resultsThe age- and sex-specific 5th and 95th percentiles of 25(OH)D ranged from 16.5 to 73.3 and 20.8 to 79.3 nmol/l in girls and boys, respectively. A total of 63% had deficient (<50 nmol/l), 33% insufficient (50-<75 nmol/l) and 3% sufficient (≥75 nmol/l) levels. 25(OH)D increased with increasing UV radiation, time spent outdoors, and vitamin D intake and slightly decreased with increasing BMI z score and age. The odds ratio (OR) for a non-deficient 25(OH)D status (reference category: deficient status) by one additional hour spent outdoors was 1.21, 95% CI [1.12-1.31], i.e., children who spent one more hour per day outdoors than other children had a 21% higher chance of a non-deficient than a deficient status.
conclusionA majority of children suffer from deficient 25(OH)D. UV radiation, outdoor time, and dietary vitamin D are important determinants of 25(OH)D.
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