Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34302047›Full record

ArticleThe pharmacogenomics journal2021

G6PD distribution in sub-Saharan Africa and potential risks of using chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine based treatments for COVID-19.

Jorge E B da Rocha, Houcemeddine Othman, Caroline T Tiemessen, Gerrit Botha, Michèle Ramsay, Collen Masimirembwa, Clement Adebamowo, Ananyo Choudhury, Jean-Tristan Brandenburg, Mogomotsi Matshaba and 4 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The pharmacogenomics journal, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
5.3field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. No G6PD A- (G202A) variant detected amongMalariaWorld journal · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Molecular dynamics of G6PD variants from sub-Saharan Africa.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2022
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

  • Update of
    2020
5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 7 institutions in 6 countries.

Jorge E B da RochaSydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. jdarocha1@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1386-5367
Houcemeddine OthmanSydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Caroline T TiemessenCentre for HIV and STIs, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Services and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Gerrit BothaComputational Biology Division and H3ABioNet, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7499-3760
Michèle RamsaySydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4156-4801
Collen MasimirembwaSydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Clement AdebamowoInstitute for Human Virology Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria.
Ananyo ChoudhurySydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Jean-Tristan BrandenburgSydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Mogomotsi MatshabaBotswana-Baylor Children's Clinical Center of Excellence, Gaborone, Botswana.
Gustave SimoMolecular Parasitology and Entomology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon.
Francisco-Javier GamoGlobal Health, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain.
Scott HazelhurstSydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. scott.hazelhurst@wits.ac.za.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0581-149X
as members of the H3Africa Consortium
University of the Witwatersrand · ZANational Health Laboratory Service · ZABaylor College of Medicine · USGlaxoSmithKline (Spain) · ESUniversité de Dschang · CMUniversity of Cape Town · ZAUniversity of Maryland, Baltimore · US

Funding

The Human Genome Sequencing CenterU54HG003273 · NHGRI · BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE · PI GIBBS, RICHARD A · 2004 to 2015
$341.3M
H3ABioNet: informatics solutions for H3AfricaU24HG006941 · NHGRI · UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN · PI MULDER, NICOLA · 2017 to 2021
$12.9M
Shared Core: Biobanking, Bioinformatics and Data ManagementU54HG006938 · NHGRI · WITS HEALTH CONSORTIUM (PTY), LTD · PI RAMSAY, MICHELE MICHELE · 2012 to 2022
$12.2M
Phenotyping and BioarchivingU54AI110398 · NIAID · BOTSWANA BAYLOR CHILD/CLINCAL CTR/EXCELL · PI MATSHABA, MOGOMOTSI SANDY · 2014 to 2021
$8.9M
National Research Foundation (NRF) 84177NHGRI NIH HHS U24 HG006941NHGRI NIH HHS U54 HG003273NHGRI NIH HHS U54 HG006938NIAID NIH HHS U54 AI110398U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) 1U54AI110398U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) U54HG003273Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust (Wellcome) 099310/Z/12/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine have been proposed as potential treatments for COVID-19. These drugs have warning labels for use in individuals with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. Analysis of whole genome sequence data of 458 individuals from sub-Saharan Africa showed significant G6PD variation across the continent. We identified nine variants, of which four are potentially deleterious to G6PD function, and one (rs1050828) that is known to cause G6PD deficiency. We supplemented data for the rs1050828 variant with genotype array data from over 11,000 Africans. Although this variant is common in Africans overall, large allele frequency differences exist between sub-populations. African sub-populations in the same country can show significant differences in allele frequency (e.g. 16.0% in Tsonga vs 0.8% in Xhosa, both in South Africa, p = 2.4 × 10

Indexed as

COVID-19 Drug TreatmentAfrica South of the SaharaChloroquineCOVID-19Databases, GeneticGenetic VariationGlucosephosphate DehydrogenaseGlucosephosphate Dehydrogenase DeficiencyHumansHydroxychloroquineMutation, MissenseRisk FactorsChloroquineGlucosephosphate DehydrogenaseHydroxychloroquine

Identifiers

PMID34302047
PMCPMC8299738
OpenAlexW3183279869

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.