ReviewNPJ microgravity2021
Update on the effects of microgravity on the musculoskeletal system.
Review in NPJ microgravity, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 110 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
110 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Microgravity-Related Changes in Bone Density and Treatment Options: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- A Resistive Soft Robotic Exosuit for Dynamic Body Loading in Hypogravity.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Trial
- Establishment and Validation of a Novel Microgravity Simulation Platform for Ground-Based Animal Experiments.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Simulated Microgravity Inhibited the Proliferation of Bovine Muscle Satellite Cells.Physiological research · 2026Article
- Sensory nerves regulate bone homeostasis in response to mechanical unloading or reloading: evidence from a spaceflight experiment and ground-based mechanical unloading models.Bone research · 2026Article
- Artificial Intelligence for In-Flight Detection of Space-Related Ocular Trauma: Bridging Diagnostic Gaps in Microgravity.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Skeletal muscle adaptation to microgravity: how altered mechanical cues drive catabolic signaling.EMBO reports · 2026Review
- Reduced Mechanical Tactile Stimulation Under Space Microgravity Affects Synaptic Signaling and Contributes to Neuromuscular Aging in Caenorhabditis elegans.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
- Ophthalmic and Visual System Changes in Human Spaceflight: A Review of Mechanisms, Measurement, and Countermeasures.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Simulated microgravity induces a NOX-sensitive oxidative response that is attenuated by resveratrol in human endothelial cells.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Comparison of musculoskeletal responses and its variability after long-term spaceflight and prolonged bed rest conditions.NPJ microgravity · 2026Article
- Achilles tendon exhibits distinct transcriptomic changes with increased mitochondrial energy production under lunar gravity.NPJ microgravity · 2026Article
- Human plasma extracellular vesicles as an exercise mimetic to preserve skeletal muscle plasticity during disuse.NPJ microgravity · 2026Article
- Mechanomedicine.Nature reviews bioengineering · 2026Article
- Spaceflight stressors impact on mitochondrial function and the risk for development of ocular pathology.NPJ microgravity · 2026Review
- MicroAge mission: experimental design and hardware for a bespoke culture system supporting tissue-engineered skeletal muscle.NPJ microgravity · 2026Article
- The metabolites for muscle and osteoclast activity are indicators of femoral neck osteoporosis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The Final Frontier: Toward Transformative Insights into the Pathophysiologic Adaptations to Microgravity with Molecular Imaging.Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine · 2026Article
- Human Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Exhibit Resistance to Long-Term Simulated Microgravity.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine · 2026Article
- MRG15 decline in aged/injured MuSCs hinders regeneration via differentiation defects.Cell regeneration (London, England) · 2026Article
50 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
With the reignited push for manned spaceflight and the development of companies focused on commercializing spaceflight, increased human ventures into space are inevitable. However, this venture would not be without risk. The lower gravitational force, known as microgravity, that would be experienced during spaceflight significantly disrupts many physiological systems. One of the most notably affected systems is the musculoskeletal system, where exposure to microgravity causes both bone and skeletal muscle loss, both of which have significant clinical implications. In this review, we focus on recent advancements in our understanding of how exposure to microgravity affects the musculoskeletal system. We will focus on the catabolic effects microgravity exposure has on both bone and skeletal muscle cells, as well as their respective progenitor stem cells. Additionally, we report on the mechanisms that underlie bone and muscle tissue loss resulting from exposure to microgravity and then discuss current countermeasures being evaluated. We reveal the gaps in the current knowledge and expound upon how current research is filling these gaps while also identifying new avenues of study as we continue to pursue manned spaceflight.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.