ArticleNature communications2021
Stochastic pausing at latent HIV-1 promoters generates transcriptional bursting.
Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers.
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Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cell heterogeneity contributes to the variable response of HIV-1 to latency-reversing agents.Science advances · 2026Article
- Invariant nonequilibrium dynamics in gene regulation optimize information flow.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Mitotic reactivation and transcriptional bursting govern transcriptional noise in the early Drosophila embryo.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2026Article
- Methaneseleninic acid, a circadian-modulating agent, reactivates latent HIV-1 infection without cellular activation or proliferation.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Transcription of HIV-1 is heterogenous among authentic latent CD4+ T cell clones.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- A conserved coupling of transcriptional ON and OFF periods underlies bursting dynamics.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2025Article
- Timing is everything: transcription bursting in development.Genes & development · 2025Review
- Coordinated active repression operates via transcription factor cooperativity and multiple inactive promoter states in a developing organism.Nature communications · 2025Article
- G-quadruplexes are promoter elements controlling nucleosome exclusion and RNA polymerase II pausing.Nature genetics · 2025Article
- Mathematical modeling and mechanisms of HIV latency for personalized anti latency therapies.NPJ systems biology and applications · 2025Review
- Efficient mRNA delivery to resting T cells to reverse HIV latency.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Regulation of Transcriptional Bursting and Spatial Patterning in EarlybioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Mouse promoters are characterised by low occupancy and high turnover of RNA polymerase II.Molecular systems biology · 2025Article
- Transient power-law behaviour following induction distinguishes between competing models of stochastic gene expression.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Optogenetic manipulation of nuclear Dorsal reveals temporal requirements and consequences for transcription.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2025Article
- Genotoxic consequences of viral infections.Npj viruses · 2025Review
- Deciphering HIV-1 Transcription Initiation and Elongation from Single-Molecule Imaging Data.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
- HIV Tat as a latency reversing agent: turning the tables on viral persistence.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The HIV-1 Transcriptional Program: From Initiation to Elongation Control.Journal of molecular biology · 2025Review
- The influence of HIV sense and antisense transcripts on stochastic HIV transcription and reactivation.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Promoter-proximal pausing of RNA polymerase II is a key process regulating gene expression. In latent HIV-1 cells, it prevents viral transcription and is essential for latency maintenance, while in acutely infected cells the viral factor Tat releases paused polymerase to induce viral expression. Pausing is fundamental for HIV-1, but how it contributes to bursting and stochastic viral reactivation is unclear. Here, we performed single molecule imaging of HIV-1 transcription. We developed a quantitative analysis method that manages multiple time scales from seconds to days and that rapidly fits many models of promoter dynamics. We found that RNA polymerases enter a long-lived pause at latent HIV-1 promoters (>20 minutes), thereby effectively limiting viral transcription. Surprisingly and in contrast to current models, pausing appears stochastic and not obligatory, with only a small fraction of the polymerases undergoing long-lived pausing in absence of Tat. One consequence of stochastic pausing is that HIV-1 transcription occurs in bursts in latent cells, thereby facilitating latency exit and providing a rationale for the stochasticity of viral rebounds.
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