Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34301625›Full record

ArticleGenome research2021

Genomic architecture constrained placental mammal X Chromosome evolution.

Wesley A Brashear, Kevin R Bredemeyer, William J Murphy

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Genome research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  6. Fine-scale recombination rates inferred using the canFam4 assembly are strongly correlated with previous maps of dog recombination.Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Compensation of gene dosage on the mammalian X.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2024
    Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
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  15. Article
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  17. Chromosome-length genome assemblies and cytogenomic analyses of pangolins reveal remarkable chromosome counts and plasticity.Chromosome research : an international journal on the molecular, supramolecular and evolutionary aspects of chromosome biology · 2023
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Conservation of chromatin conformation in carnivores.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Wesley A BrashearDepartment of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA.
Kevin R BredemeyerDepartment of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA.
William J MurphyDepartment of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA.
Texas A&M University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Susumu Ohno proposed that the gene content of the mammalian X Chromosome should remain highly conserved due to dosage compensation. X Chromosome linkage (gene order) conservation is widespread in placental mammals but does not fall within the scope of Ohno's prediction and may be an indirect result of selection on gene content or selection against rearrangements that might disrupt X-Chromosome inactivation (XCI). Previous comparisons between the human and mouse X Chromosome sequences have suggested that although single-copy X Chromosome genes are conserved between species, most ampliconic genes were independently acquired. To better understand the evolutionary and functional constraints on X-linked gene content and linkage conservation in placental mammals, we aligned a new, high-quality, long-read X Chromosome reference assembly from the domestic cat (incorporating 19.3 Mb of targeted BAC clone sequence) to the pig, human, and mouse assemblies. A comprehensive analysis of annotated X-linked orthologs in public databases demonstrated that the majority of ampliconic gene families were present on the ancestral placental X Chromosome. We generated a domestic cat Hi-C contact map from an F1 domestic cat/Asian leopard cat hybrid and demonstrated the formation of the bipartite structure found in primate and rodent inactivated X Chromosomes. Conservation of gene order and recombination patterns is attributable to strong selective constraints on three-dimensional genomic architecture necessary for superloop formation. Species with rearranged X Chromosomes retain the ancestral order and relative spacing of loci critical for superloop formation during XCI, with compensatory inversions evolving to maintain these long-range physical interactions.

Indexed as

PlacentaX ChromosomeAnimalsCatsEutheriaEvolution, MolecularFemaleGenomicsMicePregnancySwineX Chromosome Inactivation

Identifiers

PMID34301625
PMCPMC8327908
OpenAlexW3183642653

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.