ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2021
Associations between insulin resistance and adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a retrospective study.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gestational weight gain and perinatal outcomes in twin pregnancies: evidence-based insights from a Chinese population cohort.Annals of medicine · 2026Observational
- Association between triglyceride glucose index and spontaneous preterm birth: Evidence from a retrospective cohort study.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026Article
- Managing Gestational Diabetes Complexity with Continuous Glucose Monitoring: A Narrative Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Trimethylamine N-Oxide Derived from a High-Protein Diet Induces Insulin Resistance in Pregnant Mice via Gut Microbiota Remodeling.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Observational
- The Double-Edged Sword of Gestational Insulin Resistance: Navigating Maternal Adaptation and Its Risks for Pregnancy and Offspring Health.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026Review
- Distinct modifiable risk factors and preventable burdens of preterm birth: a risk-stratified analysis of pregnancies with and without gestational diabetes mellitus.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Association between insulin resistance trajectories and perinatal complications: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Impact of glucose metabolism abnormalities on live birth rate in South-East Asian women with polycystic ovary syndrome.Human reproduction open · 2026Article
- Metformin and Myo-Inositol: A Comparative Analysis.Gynecologic and obstetric investigation · 2026Review
- Progress and Practice of Insulin Resistance in Pregnancy: From Pathogenesis to Management.International journal of medical sciences · 2026Review
- Comprehensive Review of Gestational Diabetes: Pathophysiology, Pharmacological Management and the Role of Pharmaceutical Care.Current drug safety · 2026Review
- Associations between triglyceride-glucose index in the early trimester of pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- A call for a multidisciplinary intervention to address severe insulin resistance during pregnancy.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2025Article
- Observational
- Non-Traditional Lipid Parameters and Risk of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Mediation by Maternal Metabolites.Journal of diabetes · 2025Observational
- miR-92a-3p and miR-182-3p as potential biomarkers for the differential diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus and its correlation with pregnancy outcomes.Irish journal of medical science · 2025Article
- Gestational diabetes mellitus in previous pregnancy associated with the risk of large for gestational age and macrosomia in the second pregnancy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Assessment of Changes in the Expression of Genes Involved in Insulin Signaling and Glucose Transport in Leukocytes of Women with Gestational Diabetes During Pregnancy and in the Postpartum Period.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Evaluation of Maternal Factors Affecting Postpartum Insulin Resistance Markers in Mothers with Gestational Diabetes-A Case-Control Study.Nutrients · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThis study aimed to explore the relationship between insulin resistance (IR) and adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and to determine the risk factors for IR in women with GDM.
methodsThis study employed a retrospective survey of 710 women diagnosed with GDM. Serum lipids, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and serum protein were measured in the first trimester (6-12 weeks), and OGTT and fasting insulin tests were performed in the second trimester (24-28 weeks). These results were then used to evaluate IR by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA). When HOMA-IR ≥ 2.0, IR was diagnosed. The relationship between HOMA-IR and adverse pregnancy outcomes was analyzed by a logistic regression model, and multiple stepwise regression was used to analyze the risk factors of IR.
resultsIR significantly increasd the risk of the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and large for gestational age (LGA) (OR = 5.31,95%CI:1.87,15.10; OR = 1.65,95%CI:1.10, 2.48, respectively) in women with GDM, but not for cesarean section, premature delivery, premature rupture of membranes, postpartum hemorrhage, macrosomia and SGA. Compared to normal groups, greater body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy category (overweight or obesity group) were associated with higher risk of IR in the second trimester, the OR (95% CI) were 4.09 (2.65, 6.30) and 6.52 (2.99, 14.20). And higher level of FPG (OR = 1.63, 95%CI: 1.11, 2.40), TG (OR = 1.32, 95%CI: 1.08, 1.63) and weight gain before diagnosis of GDM (OR = 1.08, 95%CI: 1.02, 1.15) were also associated with higher risk of IR in the second trimester in women with GDM, while age (OR = 0.94, 95%CI: 0.90, 0.98)was the weak protective factor for IR.
conclusionGDM with IR in the second trimester increased adverse pregnancy outcomes, especially the risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and LGA. In addition, FPG, HbA1c, and TG in early pregnancy, pre-pregnant BMI and weight gain before diagnosis of GDM were all independent risk factors for IR.
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