Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34301079›Full record

ReviewPolymers2021

Silicone Rubber Composites Reinforced by Carbon Nanofillers and Their Hybrids for Various Applications: A Review.

Vineet Kumar, Md Najib Alam, Amutheesan Manikkavel, Minseok Song, Dong-Joo Lee, Sang-Shin Park

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Polymers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed
8.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed, 160 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Graphene-Based Hybrid Fillers for Rubber Composites.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Study on NOMaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Vineet KumarSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280, Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea.ORCID 0000-0003-0095-1976
Md Najib AlamSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280, Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea.ORCID 0000-0001-7600-6183
Amutheesan ManikkavelSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280, Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea.
Minseok SongGraduate School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280, Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea.
Dong-Joo LeeSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280, Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea.
Sang-Shin ParkSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280, Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-1201-558X
Yeungnam University · KR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Without fillers, rubber types such as silicone rubber exhibit poor mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties. Carbon black (CB) is traditionally used as a filler in the rubber matrix to improve its properties, but a high content (nearly 60 per hundred parts of rubber (phr)) is required. However, this high content of CB often alters the viscoelastic properties of the rubber composite. Thus, nowadays, nanofillers such as graphene (GE) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are used, which provide significant improvements to the properties of composites at as low as 2-3 phr. Nanofillers are classified as those fillers consisting of at least one dimension below 100 nanometers (nm). In the present review paper, nanofillers based on carbon nanomaterials such as GE, CNT, and CB are explored in terms of how they improve the properties of rubber composites. These nanofillers can significantly improve the properties of silicone rubber (SR) nanocomposites and have been useful for a wide range of applications, such as strain sensing. Therefore, carbon-nanofiller-reinforced SRs are reviewed here, along with advancements in this research area. The microstructures, defect densities, and crystal structures of different carbon nanofillers for SR nanocomposites are characterized, and their processing and dispersion are described. The dispersion of the rubber composites was reported through atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effect of these nanofillers on the mechanical (compressive modulus, tensile strength, fracture strain, Young's modulus, glass transition), thermal (thermal conductivity), and electrical properties (electrical conductivity) of SR nanocomposites is also discussed. Finally, the application of the improved SR nanocomposites as strain sensors according to their filler structure and concentration is discussed. This detailed review clearly shows the dependency of SR nanocomposite properties on the characteristics of the carbon nanofillers.

Indexed as

carbon blackcarbon nanotubesgraphenenanocomposite propertiessilicone rubberstrain sensors

Identifiers

PMID34301079
PMCPMC8309633
OpenAlexW3178141665

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.