Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34300627›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2021

A Cost-Efficient Multiwavelength LED-Based System for Quantitative Photoacoustic Measurements.

Michalis Orfanakis, George J Tserevelakis, Giannis Zacharakis

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Michalis OrfanakisFoundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, N. Plastira 100, GR-70013 Heraklion, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-8220-7659
George J TserevelakisFoundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, N. Plastira 100, GR-70013 Heraklion, Greece.
Giannis ZacharakisFoundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, N. Plastira 100, GR-70013 Heraklion, Greece.

Funding

H2020 FETOPEN project "Dynamic" EC-GA-863203H2020 Laserlab Europe EC-GA 871124HELLAS CH MIS 5002735INNOVAPROTECT MIS 5030524NSRF 2014-2020 "BIOIMAGING-GR" MIS 5002755
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The unique ability of photoacoustic (PA) sensing to provide optical absorption information of biomolecules deep inside turbid tissues with high sensitivity has recently enabled the development of various novel diagnostic systems for biomedical applications. In many cases, PA setups can be bulky, complex, and costly, as they typically require the integration of expensive Q-switched nanosecond lasers, and also presents limited wavelength availability. This article presents a compact, cost-efficient, multiwavelength PA sensing system for quantitative measurements, by utilizing two high-power LED sources emitting at central wavelengths of 444 and 628 nm, respectively, and a single-element ultrasonic transducer at 3.5 MHz for signal detection. We investigate the performance of LEDs in pulsed mode and explore the dependence of PA responses on absorber's concentration and applied energy fluence using tissue-mimicking phantoms demonstrating both optical absorption and scattering properties. Finally, we apply the developed system on the spectral unmixing of two absorbers contained at various relative concentrations in the phantoms, to provide accurate estimations with absolute deviations ranging between 0.4 and 12.3%. An upgraded version of the PA system may provide valuable in-vivo multiparametric measurements of important biomarkers, such as hemoglobin oxygenation, melanin concentration, local lipid content, and glucose levels.

Indexed as

Photoacoustic TechniquesLasersPhantoms, ImagingSpectrum AnalysisLEDphotoacousticssensingunmixing

Identifiers

PMID34300627
PMCPMC8309896

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.