ArticleJournal of clinical medicine2021
Serum Biomarkers in Differential Diagnosis of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Connective Tissue Disease-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease.
Article in Journal of clinical medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- MMP-7 as a non-invasive biomarker in interstitial lung diseases and other chronic respiratory diseases: a narrative review.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Identification of Glycosylation-Related Biomarkers in COPD and IPF Through Integrated Machine Learning and WGCNA Analysis.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Article
- Relationship between anxiety and depression, dyspnea severity, and pulmonary function in connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease.World journal of psychiatry · 2025Article
- Identification of diagnostic and prognostic phospholipid biomarkers in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis via machine learning and in vivo validation.Human genomics · 2025Article
- Review
- Exploring the Role of Hemogram-Derived Ratios and Liver Fibrosis Scores in Pulmonary Fibrosis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Article
- Prediction of progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease in patients with systemic sclerosis: insight from the CRDC cohort study.RMD open · 2024Article
- Endothelin-1 as a Biomarker of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Interstitial Lung Disease Associated with Autoimmune Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Matrix metalloproteinase-7 is increased in lung bases but not apices in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.ERJ open research · 2022Article
- Matrix Metalloproteinases and Their Inhibitors in Pulmonary Fibrosis: EMMPRIN/CD147 Comes into Play.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe goal of this study is to determine whether Advanced glycosylated end-products (AGE), Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and Matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP7) could be used as differential biomarkers for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD).
methodSeventy-three patients were enrolled: 29 with IPF, 14 with CTD-ILD, and 30 healthy controls. The study included a single visit by participants. A blood sample was drawn and serum was analysed for AGE using spectrofluorimetry, AOPP by spectrophotometry, and MMP7 using sandwich-type enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
resultsAGE, AOPP and MMP7 serum levels were significantly higher in both IPF and CTD-ILD patients versus healthy controls; and AGE was also significantly elevated in CTD-ILD compared to the IPF group. AGE plasma levels clearly distinguished CTD-ILD patients from healthy participants (AUC = 0.95; 95% IC 0.86-1), whereas in IPF patients, the distinction was moderate (AUC = 0.78; 95% IC 0.60-0.97).
conclusionIn summary, our results provide support for the potential value of serum AGE, AOPP and MMP7 concentrations as diagnostic biomarkers in IPF and CTD-ILD to differentiate between ILD patients and healthy controls. Furthermore, this study provides evidence, for the first time, for the possible use of AGE as a differential diagnostic biomarker to distinguish between IPF and CTD-ILD. The value of these biomarkers as additional tools in a multidisciplinary approach to IPF and CTD-ILD diagnosis needs to be considered and further explored. Multicentre studies are necessary to understand the role of AGE in differential diagnosis.
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Registered trials
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