Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34299896›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021

Psychological Distress among Students in Higher Education: One Year after the Beginning of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Emilie Schmits, Sarah Dekeyser, Olivier Klein, Olivier Luminet, Vincent Yzerbyt, Fabienne Glowacz

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Emilie SchmitsPsychologie Clinique de la Délinquance, Unité de Recherche Adaptation, Résilience et Changement, Faculté de Psychologie, Logopédie et Sciences de l'Education, Université de Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-3598-9635
Sarah DekeyserCentre d'Etude du Comportement Social, Institut de Recherche en Sciences Psychologiques, Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education, Université Catholique de Louvain-la-Neuve, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0003-4428-1994
Olivier KleinCenter for Social and Cultural Psychology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0003-2737-8049
Olivier LuminetCentre d'Etude du Comportement Social, Institut de Recherche en Sciences Psychologiques, Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education, Université Catholique de Louvain-la-Neuve, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-1519-2178
Vincent YzerbytCentre d'Etude du Comportement Social, Institut de Recherche en Sciences Psychologiques, Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education, Université Catholique de Louvain-la-Neuve, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0003-1185-4733
Fabienne GlowaczPsychologie Clinique de la Délinquance, Unité de Recherche Adaptation, Résilience et Changement, Faculté de Psychologie, Logopédie et Sciences de l'Education, Université de Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0003-0465-3837

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the psychological well-being of students. Several stressors (such as socioeconomic and education-related contexts) could influence mental health, as well as individual and relational dimensions. This study proposes to evaluate the predictive effect of these factors on anxiety and depressive symptoms among students in higher education one year after the beginning of the pandemic. A sample of 23,307 students (Mage = 20.89; SD = 1.96; 69.08% of women) was assessed through an online self-report questionnaire including adapted and validated measures. The main rates were as follows: 50.6% of students presented anxiety symptoms; 55.1% reported depressive symptoms; 20.8% manifested suicidal ideations; 42.4% saw their financial situation deteriorate; 39.1% felt they were dropping out of school. One year after the beginning of the pandemic, students in higher education are anxious and depressed, especially those who identify as women (for both anxiety and depression) and as a non-binary gender (only for anxiety), experience a deterioration in their financial situation, are dropping out of school, or manifest hostility (for both anxiety and depression). The degree of study affects the symptoms' severity (Bachelor 2 and 3 for anxiety and Master for depression). Contact with family and friends (for both anxiety and depression) as well as regular physical activity (only for depression) should provide some protection against psychological distress. Policy-makers must make a long-term investment in the well-being and positive mental health of the student community.

Indexed as

COVID-19Psychological DistressAnxietyCross-Sectional StudiesDepressionFemaleHumansPandemicsSARS-CoV-2Stress, PsychologicalStudentsanxietyCOVID-19depressionhigh educationstudents

Identifiers

PMID34299896
PMCPMC8308017

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.