Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34299522›Full record

ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2021

High Surface Area Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles with Tunable Size in the Sub-Micrometer Regime: Insights on the Size and Porosity Control Mechanisms.

Federica Rizzi, Rachele Castaldo, Tiziana Latronico, Pierluigi Lasala, Gennaro Gentile, Marino Lavorgna, Marinella Striccoli, Angela Agostiano, Roberto Comparelli, Nicoletta Depalo and 2 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
3.4field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 85 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Advancing Nanomedicine: For Bone Defect Repair and Regeneration.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025
    Review
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Federica RizziDepartment of Chemistry, University of Bari, via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-8891-4218
Rachele CastaldoInstitute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, Italian National Research Council, via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, 80078 Naples, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-4487-2287
Tiziana LatronicoDepartment of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy.
Pierluigi LasalaDepartment of Chemistry, University of Bari, via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy.
Gennaro GentileInstitute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, Italian National Research Council, via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, 80078 Naples, Italy.
Marino LavorgnaInstitute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, Italian National Research Council, Piazzale E. Fermi 1, Portici, 80055 Naples, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-4705-4378
Marinella StriccoliInstitute for Physical Processes, Italian National Research Council, c/o Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-5366-691X
Angela AgostianoDepartment of Chemistry, University of Bari, via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-1938-9944
Roberto ComparelliInstitute for Physical Processes, Italian National Research Council, c/o Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-4640-7204
Nicoletta DepaloInstitute for Physical Processes, Italian National Research Council, c/o Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-2107-2762
Maria Lucia CurriDepartment of Chemistry, University of Bari, via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy.
Elisabetta FanizzaDepartment of Chemistry, University of Bari, via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-6293-9388
Institute for Chemical and Physical Processes · ITNational Research Council · ITUniversity of Bari Aldo Moro · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mesoporous silica nanostructures (MSNs) attract high interest due to their unique and tunable physical chemical features, including high specific surface area and large pore volume, that hold a great potential in a variety of fields, i.e., adsorption, catalysis, and biomedicine. An essential feature for biomedical application of MSNs is limiting MSN size in the sub-micrometer regime to control uptake and cell viability. However, careful size tuning in such a regime remains still challenging. We aim to tackling this issue by developing two synthetic procedures for MSN size modulation, performed in homogenous aqueous/ethanol solution or two-phase aqueous/ethyl acetate system. Both approaches make use of tetraethyl orthosilicate as precursor, in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, as structure-directing agent, and NaOH, as base-catalyst. NaOH catalyzed syntheses usually require high temperature (>80 °C) and large reaction medium volume to trigger MSN formation and limit aggregation. Here, a successful modulation of MSNs size from 40 up to 150 nm is demonstrated to be achieved by purposely balancing synthesis conditions, being able, in addition, to keep reaction temperature not higher than 50 °C (30 °C and 50 °C, respectively) and reaction mixture volume low. Through a comprehensive and in-depth systematic morphological and structural investigation, the mechanism and kinetics that sustain the control of MSNs size in such low dimensional regime are defined, highlighting that modulation of size and pores of the structures are mainly mediated by base concentration, reaction time and temperature and ageing, for the homogenous phase approach, and by temperature for the two-phase synthesis. Finally, an in vitro study is performed on bEnd.3 cells to investigate on the cytotoxicity of the MNSs.

Indexed as

colloidal synthesishigh specific surface areamesoporous silica nanoparticles

Identifiers

PMID34299522
PMCPMC8304748
OpenAlexW3181102400

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.