Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34299265›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2021

Cigarette Smoke Specifically Affects Small Airway Epithelial Cell Populations and Triggers the Expansion of Inflammatory and Squamous Differentiation Associated Basal Cells.

Christian T Wohnhaas, Julia A Gindele, Tobias Kiechle, Yang Shen, Germán G Leparc, Birgit Stierstorfer, Heiko Stahl, Florian Gantner, Coralie Viollet, Jürgen Schymeinsky and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.5field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
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  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. COPD-Lung Cancer Comorbidity: Mechanistic Insights and Precision Oncology Implications.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2026
    Review
  12. Protocol for differentiating primary human small airway epithelial cells at the air-liquid interface.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2025
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Loss of p73 Expression Contributes to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2024
    Article
  18. Article
  19. IL-33 Expression Is Lower in Current Smokers at both Transcriptomic and Protein Levels.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2023
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Christian T WohnhaasBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88397 Biberach, Germany.
Julia A GindeleBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88397 Biberach, Germany.
Tobias KiechleBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88397 Biberach, Germany.
Yang ShenBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88397 Biberach, Germany.
Germán G LeparcBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88397 Biberach, Germany.
Birgit StierstorferBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88397 Biberach, Germany.
Heiko StahlBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88397 Biberach, Germany.
Florian GantnerBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88397 Biberach, Germany.
Coralie ViolletBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88397 Biberach, Germany.
Jürgen SchymeinskyBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88397 Biberach, Germany.
Patrick BaumBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88397 Biberach, Germany.
Boehringer Ingelheim (Germany) · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Smoking is a major risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and causes remodeling of the small airways. However, the exact smoke-induced effects on the different types of small airway epithelial cells (SAECs) are poorly understood. Here, using air-liquid interface (ALI) cultures, single-cell RNA-sequencing reveals previously unrecognized transcriptional heterogeneity within the small airway epithelium and cell type-specific effects upon acute and chronic cigarette smoke exposure. Smoke triggers detoxification and inflammatory responses and aberrantly activates and alters basal cell differentiation. This results in an increase of inflammatory basal-to-secretory cell intermediates and, particularly after chronic smoke exposure, a massive expansion of a rare inflammatory and squamous metaplasia associated

Indexed as

Airway RemodelingAlveolar Epithelial CellsCell DifferentiationCells, CulturedCigarette SmokingEpithelial CellsHumansNeoplasms, Basal CellPrimary Cell CulturePulmonary Disease, Chronic ObstructiveRespiratory MucosaSmokeSmokingSmokeACE2basal cellscigarette smokeCOPDlineage trajectorysingle-cell transcriptomicssmall airway epithelial cells

Identifiers

PMID34299265
PMCPMC8305830
OpenAlexW3186091170

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.