Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34298809›Full record

ReviewCancers2021

The Next-Generation of Combination Cancer Immunotherapy: Epigenetic Immunomodulators Transmogrify Immune Training to Enhance Immunotherapy.

Reza Bayat Mokhtari, Manpreet Sambi, Bessi Qorri, Narges Baluch, Neda Ashayeri, Sushil Kumar, Hai-Ling Margaret Cheng, Herman Yeger, Bikul Das, Myron R Szewczuk

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Cancers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
1.3field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.

Reza Bayat MokhtariDepartment of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
Manpreet SambiDepartment of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
Bessi QorriDepartment of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-4984-7299
Narges BaluchDepartment of Immunology and Allergy, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.
Neda AshayeriDivision of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Ali-Asghar Children Hospital, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran 1449614535, Iran.
Sushil KumarQPS, Holdings LLC, Pencader Corporate Center, 110 Executive Drive, Newark, DE 19702, USA.
Hai-Ling Margaret ChengThe Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-0733-9512
Herman YegerProgram in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.
Bikul DasDepartment of Experimental Therapeutics, Thoreau Laboratory for Global Health, M2D2, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA 01852, USA.
Myron R SzewczukDepartment of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-8471-5481
Queen's University · CAHospital for Sick Children · CAIndian Institute of Technology Guwahati · INIran University of Medical Sciences · IRUniversity of Massachusetts Lowell · USUniversity of Toronto · CA

Funding

Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada 123456
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cancer immunotherapy harnesses the immune system by targeting tumor cells that express antigens recognized by immune system cells, thus leading to tumor rejection. These tumor-associated antigens include tumor-specific shared antigens, differentiation antigens, protein products of mutated genes and rearrangements unique to tumor cells, overexpressed tissue-specific antigens, and exogenous viral proteins. However, the development of effective therapeutic approaches has proven difficult, mainly because these tumor antigens are shielded, and cells primarily express self-derived antigens. Despite innovative and notable advances in immunotherapy, challenges associated with variable patient response rates and efficacy on select tumors minimize the overall effectiveness of immunotherapy. Variations observed in response rates to immunotherapy are due to multiple factors, including adaptative resistance, competency, and a diversity of individual immune systems, including cancer stem cells in the tumor microenvironment, composition of the gut microbiota, and broad limitations of current immunotherapeutic approaches. New approaches are positioned to improve the immune response and increase the efficacy of immunotherapies, highlighting the challenges that the current global COVID-19 pandemic places on the present state of immunotherapy.

Indexed as

cancer stem cellsCAR T cell therapycombination immunotherapyCOVID-19dietdrug resistanceepigenetic therapiesgut microbiotahTERT vaccinesimmunotherapyoncolytic viral therapytelomerase-targeted immunotherapy

Identifiers

PMID34298809
PMCPMC8305317
OpenAlexW3185001536

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.