Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34298460›Full record

ArticleEconomics and human biology2021

Effects of large gatherings on the COVID-19 epidemic: Evidence from professional and college sports.

Patrick R Carlin, Paul Minard, Daniel H Simon, Coady Wing

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Economics and human biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Patrick R CarlinO'Neill School, Indiana University, 1315 E 10th St, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
Paul MinardCégep Heritage College, Gatineau, QC, Canada.
Daniel H SimonO'Neill School, Indiana University, 1315 E 10th St, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
Coady WingO'Neill School, Indiana University, 1315 E 10th St, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA. Electronic address: cwing@indiana.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We compare COVID-19 case loads and mortality across counties that hosted more versus fewer NHL hockey games, NBA basketball games, and NCAA basketball games during the early months of 2020, before any large outbreaks were identified. We find that hosting one additional NHL/NBA game in March 2020 leads to an additional 7520 cases and 658 deaths. Similarly, we find that hosting an additional NCAA Division 1 men's basketball game in March 2020 results in an additional 34 deaths. Back-of-the-envelope calculations suggest that the per-game fatality costs were 200-300 times greater than per-game spending.

Indexed as

BasketballCOVID-19HockeyHumansMaleSARS-CoV-2Health economicsPandemicsPopulation healthQuasi-experiments

Identifiers

PMID34298460
PMCPMC8643424

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.