SynthesisCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2022
Efficacy and safety of PD-L1 inhibitors versus PD-1 inhibitors in first-line treatment with chemotherapy for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer.
Synthesis in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors for natural killer/T-cell lymphoma: a single-arm meta-analysis.BMC cancer · 2025Pooled it
- The safety and efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies for lung cancer brain metastasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis on brain metastasis.Neurosurgical review · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in patients with ES-SCLC: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of RCTs and RWSs.Thoracic cancer · 2024Pooled it
- Which Is More Suitable for First-Line Treatment of Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer, PD-L1 Inhibitors Versus PD-1 Inhibitors? A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.The clinical respiratory journal · 2024Pooled it
- Heterogeneity between subgroups of first-line chemoimmunotherapy for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer patients: a meta-analysis and systematic review.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Pooled it
- Updated Bayesian network meta-analysis on the efficacy and safety of PD-1 versus PD-L1 inhibitors in first-line treatment with chemotherapy for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Pooled it
- The efficacy and safety of immunotherapy as first-line treatment for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer: evaluating based on reconstructed individual patient data.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Pooled it
- Combining PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitors with chemotherapy is a good strategy for the treatment of extensive small cell lung cancer: A retrospective analysis of clinical studies.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Phase II trial of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy plus bevacizumab and toripalimab for advanced biliary tract cancers: efficacy, safety, and exploratory analysis.Hepatobiliary surgery and nutrition · 2026Article
- Non-small cell lung cancer research: advances and persistent challenges.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Comparison of efficacy and safety of first-line immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer, a retrospective study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors versus programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) inhibitors for the first-line therapy of extensive-stage small cell lung cancer: a propensity score-matched study.Future oncology (London, England) · 2025Article
- First-line treatment of extensive-stage small cell lung cancer with immune checkpoint inhibitors acting on different targets: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Translational cancer research · 2025Article
- Efficacy and safety of first-line chemoimmunotherapy in young patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer: a multicenter retrospective study.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- First-line serplulimab-based immunochemotherapy in elderly patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer: a multicenter, real-world study.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Article
- Evaluating the safety and efficacy of combination immune checkpoint inhibitors and chemotherapy treatment in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Efficacy analysis and prognostic factors of first-line chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer: a real-world study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Review
- Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors in the Treatment of Small Cell Lung Cancer.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesProgrammed cell death-ligand 1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy (PD-L1 + Chemo) have achieved substantial progress in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). However, evidence about programmed cell death 1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy (PD-1 + Chemo) in SCLC is relatively lacking. Whether PD-1 inhibitors differ from PD-L1 inhibitors in their clinical outcomes remains controversial. MATERIALS AND
methodsWe performed a meta-analysis to compare efficacy and safety of PD-L1 + Chemo vs PD-1 + Chemo in ES-SCLC by searching PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and major oncology conferences. We examined overall survival (OS) as the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and treatment-related adverse events (AEs).
resultsWe included four randomized trials (IMpower133, CASPIAN, KEYNOTE-604, and EA5161) with a total of 1553 patients. Direct comparison showed that PD-L1 + Chemo (PFS: hazard ratio [HR] 0.79; OS: HR 0.75) and PD-1 + Chemo (PFS: HR 0.72; OS: HR 0.77) significantly prolonged survival time compared with chemotherapy alone. But PD-L1 + Chemo (relative risk [RR]: 1.07) and PD-1 + Chemo (RR: 1.13) were not superior to chemotherapy alone in terms of ORR. Indirect comparison showed no significant difference in clinical efficacy between PD-L1 + Chemo and PD-1 + Chemo (OS: HR 0.99; PFS: HR 1.10; ORR: RR 0.95). We further stratified patients according to subgroups in terms of OS. In the subgroup of patients with brain metastasis, PD-L1 + Chemo tended to prolong OS (HR: 0.61, 0.28 to 1.32). There were no significant differences between PD-L1 + Chemo and PD-1 + Chemo regarding safety analyses. However, PD-L1 + Chemo exhibited a better safety profile in reducing the risk of treatment discontinuation due to AEs (RR: 0.43, 0.19 to 0.95) and pneumonia (pneumonia of any grade, RR: 0.59, 0.24 to 1.42; pneumonia of grade ≥ 3, RR: 0.37, 0.10 to 1.39).
conclusionsPD-L1 + Chemo and PD-1 + Chemo provided a significant survival benefit relative to chemotherapy alone for ES-SCLC. The efficacy and safety of PD-L1 + Chemo and PD-1 + Chemo were similar based on current evidence.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.