Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34296535›Full record

ReviewWiley interdisciplinary reviews. Nanomedicine and nanobiotechnology2022

Combining nanomedicine and immune checkpoint therapy for cancer immunotherapy.

Christine E Boone, Lu Wang, Aayushma Gautam, Isabel G Newton, Nicole F Steinmetz

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Nanomedicine and nanobiotechnology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed
2.5field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
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  13. Advancing Cancer-Targeted Nanotherapies with Tumor Homing Peptides.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2025
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  19. Shifting cold to hot tumors by nanoparticle-loaded drugs and products.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025
    Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.

Christine E BooneDepartment of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7204-8666
Lu WangDepartment of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Aayushma GautamDepartment of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Isabel G NewtonDepartment of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Nicole F SteinmetzDepartment of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0130-0481
University of California San Diego · US

Funding

Dual-pronged nano-drug delivery using plant virus-like particles.R01CA224605 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Nicole Franziska Steinmetz · 2017 to 2026
$4.0M
Traning Clinical Scientists in Radiological ImagingT32EB005970 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Eric Y Chang, Rebecca Ann Rakow-Penner · 2007 to 2026
$3.2M
Bioprinting Plant Virus Nanoparticles for Immunotherapy and Relapse Prevention of Ovarian CancerR01CA253615 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI CHEN, SHAOCHEN, FIERING, STEVEN · 2020 to 2024
$3.1M
Overcoming the immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment through in situ vaccination nanotechnology.U01CA218292 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI FIERING, STEVEN, STEINMETZ, NICOLE FRANZISKA · 2017 to 2021
$3.0M
Diagnosis and longitudinal monitoring of metastatic prostate cancer through molecular MR imaging.R01CA202814 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI STEINMETZ, NICOLE FRANZISKA · 2016 to 2020
$2.0M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA202814NCI NIH HHS R01 CA224605NCI NIH HHS R01 CA253615NCI NIH HHS U01 CA218292NIBIB NIH HHS T32 EB005970
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a pillar of the cancer therapy armamentarium. Immune checkpoint therapy (ICT) is a mainstay of modern immunotherapy. Although ICT monotherapy has demonstrated remarkable clinical efficacy in some patients, the majority do not respond to treatment. In addition, many patients eventually develop resistance to ICT, disease recurrence, and toxicity from off-target effects. Combination therapy is a keystone strategy to overcome the limitations of monotherapy. With the integration of ICT and any therapy that induces tumor cell lysis and release of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), ICT is expected to strengthen the coordinated innate and adaptive immune responses to TAA release and promote systemic, cellular antitumor immunity. Nanomedicine is well poised to facilitate combination ICT. Nanoparticles with delivery and/or immunomodulation capacities have been successfully combined with ICT in preclinical applications. Delivery nanoparticles protect and control the targeted release of their cargo. Inherently immunomodulatory nanoparticles can facilitate immunogenic cell death, modification of the tumor microenvironment, immune cell mimicry and modulation, and/or in situ vaccination. Nanoparticles are frequently multifunctional, combining multiple treatment strategies into a single platform with ICT. Nanomedicine and ICT combinations have great potential to yield novel, powerful treatments for patients with cancer. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies.

Indexed as

NanoparticlesNeoplasmsHumansImmunotherapyNanomedicineTumor Microenvironmentcancer immunotherapycombination immunotherapydrug deliveryimmune checkpoint therapyimmune modulationin situ vaccinationnanomaterialsnanomedicine

Identifiers

PMID34296535
PMCPMC8906799
OpenAlexW3185104510

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.