ArticleHeliyon2021
Individual and community-level determinants of Iron-Folic Acid Intake for the recommended period among pregnant women in Ethiopia: A multilevel analysis.
Article in Heliyon, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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16 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- District-level maternal and child health index in Uttar Pradesh: a GIS-based analysis using AHP-TOPSIS on NFHS-5 data.Primary health care research & development · 2026Article
- Determinants of non-adherence to iron folic acid supplementation among pregnant women attending public health facilities in Bishoftu Town, Ethiopia: case-control study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Non-adherence to antenatal iron supplementation and its determinants among pregnant women in 35 sub-saharan African countries: a generalized linear mixed-effects modeling with robust Poisson regression analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Article
- Iron folic acid supplementation adherence level and its associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia: a multilevel complex data analysis of 2019 Ethiopian mini demographic and health survey data.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Multilevel analysis of early resumption of sexual intercourse among postpartum women in sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from Demographic and Health Survey Data.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Individual and contextual-level factors associated with iron-folic acid supplement intake during pregnancy in Ethiopia: a multi-level analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2023Article
- Serum concentration of zinc, copper, iron, and its associated factors among pregnant women of small-scale farming in western Ethiopia.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Unmet need for family planning and associated factors among adolescent girls and young women in Ethiopia: a multilevel analysis of Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey.Contraception and reproductive medicine · 2023Article
- Spatial distribution and associated factors of poor tetanus toxoid immunization among pregnant women in Ethiopia: spatial and multilevel analysis.Frontiers in global women's health · 2023Article
- Article
- Postpartum long-acting reversible contraceptives use in sub-Saharan Africa. Evidence from recent demographic and health surveys data.PloS one · 2023Article
- Lessons Learned From Integrating Infant and Young Child Feeding Counseling and Iron-Folic Acid Distribution Into Routine Immunization Services in Ethiopia.Global health, science and practice · 2022Article
- Utilization and compliance with iron supplementation and predictors among pregnant women in Southeast Ethiopia.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Article
- Poor adherence to iron-folic acid supplementation and associated factors among pregnant women who had at least four antenatal care in Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- Married women's decision-making autonomy on contraceptive use and its associated factors in Ethiopia: A multilevel analysis of 2016 demographic and health survey.SAGE open medicine · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIron-folic acid (IFA) intake for the recommended period during pregnancy reduces the risk of anemia and congenital anomalies. However, IFA intake for the recommended period is still very low in low-income countries including Ethiopia. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess both individual-and community-level determinants of IFA intake for the recommended period among pregnant women in Ethiopia.
methodsData were retrieved from the Demographic and Health Survey program's official database website (http://dhsprogram.com). A two-stage stratified cluster sampling technique was employed to conduct the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey. A sample of 3088 pregnant women who had received at least one dose of IFA in Ethiopia were included in this study. A multivariable multilevel logistic regression analysis model was fitted to identify the determinants of IFA intake below the recommended period [< 90 days] during pregnancy. Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC) was used during the model selection procedure.
resultsThis study revealed that 87.6% [95% CI; 86.3%, 88.6%] of the women took IFA below the recommended period during the index pregnancy. After adjusting for the covariates: living in rural areas [AOR = 1.74: 95% CI 1.37, 2.50], and women's illiterate proportion [AOR = 1.43: 95% CI 1.06, 1.70] were community level factors. Whereas, primary education level [AOR = 0.63: 95% CI 0.40, 0.78], poorer wealth index [AOR = 1.53: 95% CI 1.08, 3.09], 4 + antenatal care visits [AOR = 0.43: 95% CI 0.31, 0.69], and receive nutritional counseling during pregnancy [AOR = 0.63: 95% CI 0.37, 0.84] were the individual-level factors of IFA intake below the recommended period during pregnancy.
conclusionsIn this study, nearly nine out of ten pregnant women did not take IFA for the recommended period. Thus, promoting recommended ANC visits, enhancing the quality of nutritional counseling, strengthening the expansion of media, and educate rural women towards the importance of optimal intake of IFA during pregnancy. Besides, the policymakers should design essential strategies based on identified barriers to improve the IFA intake for the recommended period.
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