ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2021
Prescription Antibiotic Use Among the US population 1999-2018: National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys.
Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Antidepressants and antibiotic resistance in urine cultures: a cohort study.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2025Article
- National Level Cross-Sectional Study on Antibiotic Use in Children during the Pre- and Early COVID-19 Eras.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Antimicrobial Prescription Behavior in Equine Asthma Cases: An International Survey.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Situations predisposing primary care patients to use antibiotics without a prescription in the United States.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2024Article
- Assessment of Changes in Visits and Antibiotic Prescribing During the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Safety Program for Improving Antibiotic Use and the COVID-19 Pandemic.JAMA network open · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAntibiotic resistance has been identified as a public health threat both in the United States and globally. The United States published the National Strategy for Combating Antibiotic Resistance in 2014, which included goals to reduce inappropriate outpatient antibiotic use.
methodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted using National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) years 1999-2018. Weighted prevalence of past 30-day nontopical outpatient antibiotic use was calculated, as well as the change in prevalence from 1999-2002 to 2015-2018 and 2007-2010 to 2015-2018, both overall and for subgroups. Associations with past 30-day nontopical outpatient antibiotic use in 2015-2018 were examined using predictive margins calculated by multivariable logistic regression.
resultsThe overall prevalence of past 30-day nontopical outpatient antibiotic use adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, poverty status, time of year of the interview, and insurance status from 1999-2002 to 2015-2018 changed significantly from 4.9% (95% CI, 3.9% to 5.0%) to 3.0% (95% CI, 2.6% to 3.0%), with the largest decrease among children age 0-1 years. From 2007-2010 to 2015-2018, there was no significant change (adjusted prevalence ratio [adjPR], 1.0; 95% CI, 0.8 to 1.2). Age was significantly associated with antibiotic use, with children age 0-1 years having significantly higher antibiotic use than all other age categories >6 years. Being non-Hispanic Black was negatively associated with antibiotic use as compared with being non-Hispanic White (adjPR, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.4 to 0.8).
conclusionsWhile there were declines in antibiotic use from 1999-2002 to 2015-2018, there were no observed declines during the last decade.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.