ArticleNature and science of sleep2021
Emfit Bed Sensor Activity Shows Strong Agreement with Wrist Actigraphy for the Assessment of Sleep in the Home Setting.
Article in Nature and science of sleep, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Continuous At-Home Monitoring of Nighttime Bed Behavior in Frontotemporal Dementia.Neurology open access · 2026Article
- Multimodal Sleep Measurement and Alignment Analysis in Outpatients With Major Depressive Episode: Observational Study.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2025Observational
- Sensor based sleep patterns and reported sleep quality in breast cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Understanding discrepancies between self-reported and objective sleep in adolescents and young adults with subacute concussion.Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society · 2025Article
- Article
- Remote Spectral Light Sensing in the Home Environment: Further Development of the TWLITE Study Concept.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Observational
- Tunable White Light for Elders (TWLITE): A Protocol Demonstrating Feasibility and Acceptability for Deployment, Remote Data Collection, and Analysis of a Home-Based Lighting Intervention in Older Adults.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeWrist-worn actigraphy via research-grade devices, a well-established approach to the assessment of rest-activity, is limited by poor compliance, battery life, and lack of direct evidence for time spent physically in the bed. A non-invasive bed sensor (Emfit) may provide advantages over actigraphy for long-term sleep assessment in the home. This study compared sleep-wake measurements between this sensor and a validated actigraph. PATIENTS AND
methodsThirty healthy subjects (6 to 54 years) underwent simultaneous monitoring with both devices for 14 days and filled out a daily sleep diary. Parameters included bed entry time, sleep start, sleep end, bed exit time, rest interval duration, and wake after sleep onset (WASO). The agreement between the two devices was measured using Bland-Altman plots and inter-class correlation coefficients (ICC). In addition, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were obtained from epoch-by-epoch comparisons of Emfit and actigraphy.
resultsFifteen percent of the subjects reported that wearing the actigraph was a burden. None reported that using the bed sensor was a burden. The minimal detectable change between Emfit and actigraphy was 11 minutes for bed entry time, 14 minutes for sleep start, 14 minutes for sleep end, 10 minutes for bed exit time, 20 minutes for rest interval duration, and 110 minutes for WASO. Inter-class correlation coefficients revealed an excellent agreement for all sleep parameters (ICC=0.99, 95% CI 98-99) except for WASO (ICC=0.46, 95% CI 0.33-0.56). Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 0.62, 0.93, and 0.88, respectively. Kappa correlation analysis revealed a moderate correlation between the two devices (κ=0.55, p<0.0001).
conclusionEmfit is an acceptable alternative to actigraphy for the estimation of bed entry time, sleep start, sleep end, bed exit time, and rest interval duration. However, WASO estimates are poorly correlated between the two devices. Emfit may offer methodological advantages in situations where actigraphy is challenging to implement.
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