Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34294157›Full record

ArticleInfectious diseases of poverty2021

Multi-level determinants of failure to receive timely and complete measles vaccinations in Southwest China: a mixed methods study.

Xian-Yan Tang, Man Cheng, Alan Geater, Qiu-Yun Deng, Ge Zhong, Yue-Dong Lin, Ning Chen, Tao Lan, Long-Yan Jiang, Man-Tong Zhu and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Infectious diseases of poverty, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 27% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Xian-Yan Tang *Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, China. No. 22nd, Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China. tangxianyan0746@163.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6448-0355
Man Cheng *Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, China. No. 22nd, Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China.
Alan GeaterEpidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand.
Qiu-Yun DengInstitute of Vaccination, Guangxi Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
Ge ZhongInstitute of Vaccination, Guangxi Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
Yue-Dong LinDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, China. No. 22nd, Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China.
Ning ChenDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, China. No. 22nd, Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China.
Tao LanDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, China. No. 22nd, Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China.
Long-Yan JiangDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, China. No. 22nd, Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China.
Man-Tong ZhuDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, China. No. 22nd, Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China.
Qiao LiDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, China. No. 22nd, Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China. 382099225@qq.com.
Guangxi Medical University · CNGuangxi Center for Disease Prevention and Control · CNPrince of Songkla University · TH

Funding

China Medical Board 14-202China Medical Board 19-307National Natural Science Foundation of China 81502890National Natural Science Foundation of China 81960615
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMeasles outbreaks re-emerged in 2013-2014 in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China, where measles immunisation coverage is high. The discrepancy between the vaccination coverage and outbreaks indicates that timeliness is crucial, yet there is limited knowledge on the health system barriers to timely vaccination. Using integrated evidence at the household, village clinic, and township hospital levels, this study aimed to identify the determinants of failure in receiving timely measles vaccinations among children in rural Guangxi.

methodsA multi-stage stratified cluster sampling survey with a nested qualitative study was conducted among children aged 18-54 months in Longan, Zhaoping, Wuxuan, and Longlin counties of Guangxi from June to August 2015. The status of timely vaccinations for the first dose of measles-containing vaccine (MCV1) and the second dose of measles-containing vaccine (MCV2) was verified via vaccination certificates. Data on household-level factors were collected using structured questionnaires, whereas data on village and township-level factors were obtained through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Determinants of untimely measles vaccinations were identified using multilevel logistic regression models.

resultsA total of 1216 target children at the household level, 120 villages, and 20 township hospitals were sampled. Children were more likely to have untimely vaccination when their primary guardian had poor vaccination knowledge [MCV1, odds ratio (OR) = 1.72; MCV2, OR = 1.51], had weak confidence in vaccines (MCV1, OR = 1.28-4.58; MCV2, OR = 1.42-3.12), had few practices towards vaccination (MCV1, OR = 12.5; MCV2, OR = 3.70), or had low satisfaction with vaccination service (MCV1, OR = 2.04; MCV2, OR = 2.08). This trend was also observed in children whose village doctor was not involved in routine vaccination service (MCV1, OR = 1.85; MCV2, OR = 2.11) or whose township hospital did not provide vaccination notices (MCV1, OR = 1.64; MCV2, OR = 2.05), vaccination appointment services (MCV1, OR = 2.96; MCV2, OR = 2.74), sufficient and uniformly distributed sessions for routine vaccination (MCV1, OR = 1.28; MCV2, OR = 1.17; MCV1, OR = 2.08), or vaccination service on local market days (MCV1, OR = 2.48).

conclusionsGuardians with poor knowledge, weak beliefs, and little practice towards vaccination; non-involvement of village doctors in routine vaccinations; and inconvenient vaccination services in township hospitals may affect timely measles vaccinations among children in rural China.

Indexed as

MeaslesMeasles VaccineChinaHumansImmunization ProgramsInfantVaccinationVaccination CoverageMeasles VaccineHealth system barriersMeaslesMixed methodsTimelinessVaccination

Identifiers

PMID34294157
PMCPMC8296749
OpenAlexW3184862773

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.